Error thresholds for self- and cross-specific enzymatic replication

DOI10.1016/J.JTBI.2010.09.016MaRDI QIDQ1736295zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Benedikt Obermayer, Erwin Frey

Publication date 26 March 2019

Published in Journal of Theoretical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.1304

zbMATH Keywords

origin of lifequasispecies theoryhigher-order catalysisenzymatic self-replication

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Biochemistry, molecular biology (92C40) Kinetics in biochemical problems (pharmacokinetics, enzyme kinetics, etc.) (92C45)

Abstract: The information content of a non-enzymatic self-replicator is limited by Eigen's error threshold. Presumably, enzymatic replication can maintain higher complexity, but in a competitive environment such a replicator is faced with two problems related to its twofold role as enzyme and substrate: as enzyme, it should replicate itself rather than wastefully copy non-functional substrates, and as substrate it should preferably be replicated by superior enzymes instead of less-efficient mutants. Because specific recognition can enforce these propensities, we thoroughly analyze an idealized quasispecies model for enzymatic replication, with replication rates that are either a decreasing (self-specific) or increasing (cross-specific) function of the Hamming distance between the recognition or "tag" sequences of enzyme and substrate. We find that very weak self-specificity suffices to localize a population about a master sequence and thus to preserve its information, while simultaneous localization about complementary sequences in the cross-specific case is more challenging. A surprising result is that stronger specificity constraints allow longer recognition sequences, because the populations are better localized. Extrapolating from experimental data, we obtain rough quantitative estimates for the maximal length of the recognition or tag sequence that can be used to reliably discriminate appropriate and infeasible enzymes and substrates, respectively.

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Cited in

(3)

• On the growth rate of non-enzymatic molecular replicators
• Error thresholds for RNA replication in the presence of both point mutations and premature termination errors
• Protocols for copying and proofreading in template-assisted polymerization

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