Estimates for the multiple singular integrals via extrapolation
Let \(\mathbb{R}^{N}\) \((N=m\) or \(n),\) \(N\geq 2,\) be the \(N-\)dimensional Euclidean space and let \(\mathbb{S}^{N-1}\) be the unit sphere in \(\mathbb{R}^{N}\) equipped with the normalized Lebesgue measure \(d\sigma =d\sigma (\cdot ).\) For \(x\in \mathbb{R}^{N}\backslash \{0\},\) we denote \(x^{\prime }=x/\left| x\right| .\) Let \(\Omega \) be homogeneous of degree zero, integrable on \(\mathbb{S}^{m-1}\times \mathbb{S}^{n-1}\) and satisfy \[ \int_{\mathbb{S}^{m-1}}\Omega (x^{\prime },y^{\prime })\,d\sigma (x^{\prime })=\int_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}\Omega (x^{\prime },y^{\prime })\,d\sigma (y^{\prime })=0. \] Let \(T_{\Omega ,h}\) be the singular integral operator defined on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}\) (\(n,m\geq 2\)) by \[ (T_{\Omega ,h}f)(x,y) =\text{p.v.}\int \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}} f\left( x-u, y-v\right) \frac{\Omega \left( u^{\prime },v^{\prime }\right) }{ \left| u\right| ^{n}\left| v\right| ^{m}}h(\left| u\right| ,\left| v\right| )\,dudv, \] where \(h\) is a measurable function on \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\mathbb{\times }\) \( \mathbb{R}^{+}.\) For \(\gamma >0\), let \(\Delta _{\gamma }(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R} _{+})\) denote the collection of all measurable functions \(h:[0,\infty )\times [ 0,\infty )\longrightarrow \mathbb{C}\) satisfying \[ \left\| h\right\| _{\Delta _{\gamma }}=\sup\limits_{k,j\in \mathbb{Z }}\bigg(\int_{2^{k}}^{2^{k+1}}\int_{2^{j}}^{2^{j+1}}|h(t,s)|^{\gamma }\,\frac{ dtds}{ts}\bigg)^{1/\gamma }<\infty \] and let \(\tilde{\Delta}_{\gamma }(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R}_{+})\) denote the collection of all measurable functions \(h:[0,\infty )\times [ 0,\infty )\longrightarrow \mathbb{C}\) satisfying \[ \begin{multlined} \left\| h\right\| _{\tilde{\Delta}_{\gamma }}= \sup\limits_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}\bigg(\int_{2^{k}}^{2^{k+1}}\sup\limits_{j\in \mathbb{Z}}\int_{2^{j}}^{2^{j+1}}|h(t,s)|^{\gamma }\,\frac{dtds}{ts}\bigg) ^{1/\gamma }\\ +\sup\limits_{j\in \mathbb{Z}}\bigg(\int_{2^{j}}^{2^{j+1}}\sup \limits_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}\int_{2^{k}}^{2^{k+1}}|h(t,s)|^{\gamma }\,\frac{dsdt}{ ts}\bigg)^{1/\gamma }<\infty . \end{multlined} \] Also, we let \(\;\mathcal{L}_{\gamma }(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R}_{+})\) denote the collection of all measurable functions \(h:[0,\infty )\times [ 0,\infty )\longrightarrow \mathbb{C}\) satisfying \[ L_{\gamma }(h)= \sup\limits_{k,j\in \mathbb{Z}}\bigg(\int_{2^{k}}^{2^{k+1}} \int_{2^{j}}^{2^{j+1}}|h(t,s)|\left( \log (2+\left| h(t,s)\right| \right) )^{\gamma }\,\frac{dtds}{ts}\bigg)<\infty \] and \(\mathcal{N}_{\gamma }(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R}_{+})\) denote the class of all measurable functions \(h\) on \(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R} _{+} \) such that \[ N_{\gamma }(h)=\sum_{m=1}m^{\gamma }2^{m}d_{m}(h)<\infty , \] where \(d_{m}(h)=\sup_{k,j\in \mathbb{Z}}2^{-(k+j)}\left| E(k,j,m)\right| \) with \[ E(k,m)=\left\{ (t,s)\in (2^{k},2^{k+1}]\times (2^{j},2^{j+1}]:2^{m-1}<\left| h(t,s)\right| \leq 2^{m}\right\} \] for \(m\geq 2\) and \[ E(k,j,1)=\left\{ (t,s)\in (2^{k},2^{k+1}]\times (2^{j},2^{j+1}]:\left| h(t,s)\right| \leq 2\right\} . \] By obtaining certain Fourier transform estimates and the extrapolation method the author proved the following two results: (1) The singular integral operator \(T_{\Omega ,h}\) is bounded on \( L^{p}\left( \mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}\right) \) if \(\Omega \in L(\log L)^{2}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{S}^{m-1})\) and \(h\in \tilde{ \Delta}_{_{\gamma }}(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R}_{+})\) for \(1<\gamma \leq 2.\) (2) The singular integral operator \(T_{\Omega ,h\text{ }}\)is bounded on \(L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m})\) if \(\Omega \in L(\log L)^{2}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{S}^{m-1})\) and \(h\in \mathcal{N} _{2}(\mathbb{R}_{+}\times \mathbb{R}_{+})\). We point out that this result improves in the case \(p=2\) the result obtained by \textit{A. Al-Salman} et al. [Indiana Univ. Math. J. 55, No. 1, 369--387 (2006: Zbl 1101.42004)].
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