Estimation of solutions of nonautonomous systems
The direct Lyapunov method is applied to obtain estimates for solutions to the system \(\dot{x}=F(t,x)\), \(F(t,0)=0\), \(t\in I=[0,\infty)\), \(x\in D\subset {\mathbb{R}}^{n}\). It is proved that if there exists an auxiliary function \(V\) with the properties \(V(t,x)\geq f(t)a(\|x\|/\varphi (t))\), \(\dot{V}(t,x)\leq -h(t)c(V(t,x))\), where \(a(t), c(t), f(t), \varphi(t), h(t)\in C(I)\), \(a(0)=c(0)=0\), \(a(t)\) is monotonically increasing and \(f,\varphi ,c\) are positive, then every solution \(x(t,t_{0},x_{0})\) satisfies the estimate \[ \|x(t,t_{0},x_{0})\|\leq \varphi (t)a^{-1}\left(g^{-1}\left({g(v_{0}-\int_{t_{0}}^{t}h(\tau) d\tau)\over f(t)} \right)\right), \] with \(g(y)=\int dy/c(y)\), \(V_{0}=V(t_{0},x_{0})\). If, in addition, \(\lim_{t\to\infty }\int h(t) dt=\infty \), and \(\varphi,\;1/f\) are bounded, then the trivial solution to the system is equiasymptotically stable. This result is applied to the system \(\dot{x}=A(t)x+X(t,x)\) with \(\|X\|/\|x\|\to 0\) as \(\|x\|\to 0\), when its first approximation possesses a positively defined quadratic Lyapunov function.
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