Euclidean representations of topologically ordered spaces
From the author's introduction: A topological ordered space (or pospace) is a poset \((X,\prec)\) with a topology on \(X\) for which the relation \(\prec\) is closed in the product \(X \times X\). The basic theory of pospaces was developed by \textit{L. Nachbin} in his book [Topology and order. Princeton etc.: D. Van Nostrand (1965; Zbl 0131.37903)]. When \(\prec\) is taken to the equality, Nachbin's results are designed to reduce to known results of General Topology. \textit{S. I. M. Nada} [Studies on topological ordered spaces. Ph. D. Thesis Southhampton (1986)] has developed more theory of this kind, in particular he gives a detailed proof of an assertion of Nachbin, that if \(X\) is compact, then \((X,\prec)\) has a representation \(f: (X,\prec) \to (H,\leq)\) in the Hilbert cube. The question then arises: if \(X\) has finite dimension \(n\), can \((H,\leq)\) be replaced by \((\mathbb{R}^ N,\leq)\) for some integer \(N\)? If \(X\) is a compact subset of \(\mathbb{R}^ m\), then the induced pospace \((X,\leq)\) has a Euclidean representation. We therefore study the resulting properties in \((X,\leq)\) when \(X\) is a geometric complex in a type of ``general position. We pick out certain ones, and obtain a representation theorem which applies to a pospace \((X,\prec)\) for which \(X\) is the space of a finite (abstract) simplicial complex \(K\) such that the simplices behave well relative to the order relation. The precise properties required are complicated, but they hinge on the following requirements. In any poset \((X,\prec)\), there are subsets \(\nabla_ x = \{y \in X\mid y\leq x\}\), \(\Delta_ x = \{y \in X\mid x\leq y\}\), for each \(x\in X\) (which characterize the order relation). If \(X\) has simplicial structure, and \(\sigma\) is a maximal closed simplex, then we require (as in Euclidean space) that \(\sigma \cap \nabla_ x\) and \(\sigma \cap \Delta_ x\) be convex. Moreover, if \(\Delta\sigma = \{x \in X\mid \sigma \cap \nabla_ x \neq \emptyset\}\) we require the correspondence \(\vartheta_ \sigma: x \mapsto \sigma \cap \nabla_ x\) to be continuous on \(\Delta\sigma\) in the sense of the Hausdorff metric on the space \(\text{Conv}(\sigma)\) of all closed non-empty convex subsets of \(\sigma\); and similarly for the ``dual \(\nabla\sigma\), obtained by interchanging the operators \(\nabla\), \(\Delta\).
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