Exact Neumann boundary controllability for problems of transmission of the wave equation

Initial-boundary value problems for second-order hyperbolic equations (35L20) Controllability (93B05) Control/observation systems governed by partial differential equations (93C20)

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The paper studies exact controllability for problems of transmission of the wave equation with Neumann boundary conditions. Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and \(\Omega_1\) a subdomain with \(\overline\Omega_1\subset \Omega\). The wave equation is described by \[ y_{tt}- A(x)\Delta y= 0, \quad\text{in }\Omega\times (0,T), \] \[ y(x,0)= y^0,\quad y_t(x, 0)= y^1, \quad\text{in }\Omega, \] \[ {\partial y\over\partial\nu}= g, \quad\text{on }\partial\Omega\times (0,T),\quad (g:\text{a control}), \] where \(A(x)\) denotes a constant in \(\Omega_1\) and in \(\Omega_2= \Omega\setminus\Omega_1\), respectively, that is, \(A(x)= a_1\), \(x\in\Omega_1\) and \(=a_2\), \(x\in\Omega_2\), and an additional continuity condition of \(y\) and \(\partial y/\partial\nu\) on \(\partial\Omega_1\times (0,T)\) is imposed. Based on the well-posedness of the equation, it is further assumed that (i) \(\Omega_1\) is star-shaped; (ii) \(a_2\leq a_1\); and (iii) \(T>0\) is large enough. Via the Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM) it is shown that, for any \(\{y^0,y^1\}\in L^2(\Omega)\times (H^1(\Omega))'\), there exists a control function \(g\) belonging to the subspace of functionals: \((H^1(\partial\Omega\times (0,T)))'\) such that \(g\) steers \(y(x,t)\) to \(0\) with time \(T\), i.e., \(y(x,T)= 0\).

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