Exact renormalization group

Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to quantum theory (81-01) Renormalization group methods applied to problems in quantum field theory (81T17)

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Renormalisation group analysis is the approximation of physical problems exhibiting singularities by controlled expansions along multiple length scales. This powerful method has pervaded many areas of science as it is often the only means to approach the most interesting problems withen them. In his lecture, Giovanni Gallavotti presents a unified prespective of \textit{exact renormalisation group} methods and their scope, by working out the similarities of two seemingly rather different examples, namely KAM theory and \(\varphi^4_d\), \(d=2,3\). Exact renormalisation group analysis is not taking recourse to uncontrolled approximations and thus leads to expansion series which are true asymptotic approximations to a problems solution. In dealing with the two examples at hand, a concise yet rather comprehensive overview over the tools of renormalisation group analysis is provided, starting with the basic concept of tree expansions. First, the infrared divergences appearing in KAM theory are treated and the idea of cancellations is introduced. This necessitates the control of overlapping divergencies by cluster decompositions and the hierarchical organisation of self-energy graphs. Dimensional estimates are hence established using tree cancellations, yielding the desired asymptotic bounds on the expansion terms. The ultraviolet problem of \(\varphi^4_d\) is treated in the same framework. Here, controlled multi-scale decomposition leads again to dimensional estimates which, together with the precise determination of counterterms obtains the proof of renormalisability of the theory for \(d=3\). For the entire collection see [Zbl 1012.00029].

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