Existence of arithmetic degrees for generic orbits and dynamical Lang-Siegel problem

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The Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture is a central problem in arithmetic dynamics and consists of two parts: the first concerns the existence of the arithmetic degree, and the second concerns the equality between the arithmetic degree and the first dynamical degree when the orbit of a given rational point is Zariski dense. Many partial results have been obtained, and one of the main aims of this paper is to show that when the orbit is generic (a stronger condition than being Zariski dense), the arithmetic degree exists. Notably, under the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture (a dynamical analogue of the Mordell-Lang conjecture), Zariski density implies genericity.\N\NThe second goal of the article is to study the dynamical Lang-Siegel problem, which is the dynamical counterpart of Siegel's theorem on the growth of local distance functions relative to the heights of rational points on elliptic curves. The author is able to resolve this problem for zero-dimensional subschemes under a reasonable assumption. In addition, under suitable assumptions, the author shows that whenever the local height function associated with a proper closed subscheme grows rapidly along a subset of an orbit of a self-morphism, that subset has Banach density zero. This last phenomenon is common in arithmetic dynamics and could have applications to other questions in the field.\N\NAs one would expect, the proofs are technical and involved. The results and arguments presented in this paper will be valuable for future reference.



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