Exploring Riemann's functional equation

DOI10.1080/23311835.2016.1179246MaRDI QIDQ4966762zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michael S. Milgram

Publication date 27 June 2019

Published in Cogent Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.06333

zbMATH Keywords

anomalous zerosasymptoticscritical lineRiemann hypothesisRiemann's functional equationRiemann's zeta functionVolchkov criterionzeros

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)) (11M06) Nonreal zeros of (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)); Riemann and other hypotheses (11M26)

Abstract: An equivalent, but variant form of the Riemann functional equation is explored, and several discoveries are made. Properties of the Riemann zeta function $zeta(s)$ from which a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of zeros in the critical strip are deduced. This in turn, by an indirect route, eventually produces a simple, solvable, differential equation for $arg(zeta(s))$ on the critical line $s=1/2+iho$, the consequences of which are explored, and the "LogZeta" function is introduced. A singular linear transform between the real and imaginary components of $zeta$ and $zet{a}^{p}rime$ on the critical line is derived, and an implicit relationship for locating a zero ($ho=h{o}_0$) on the critical line is found between the arguments of $zeta(1/2+iho)$ and $zet{a}^{prime}(1/2+iho)$. Notably, the Volchkov criterion, a Riemann Hypothesis (RH) equivalent is analytically evaluated and verified to be half equivalent to RH, but RH is not proven. Numerical results are presented, some of which lead to the identification of {it anomalous zeros}, whose existence in turn suggests that well-established, traditional derivations such as the Volchkov criterion and counting theorems require re-examination. It is proven that the derivative $zet{a}^{prime}(1/2+iho)$ will never vanish on the perforated critical line ($hoeqh{o}_0$). Traditional asymptotic and counting results are obtained in an untraditional manner, yielding insight into the nature of $zeta(1/2+iho)$ as well as very accurate asymptotic estimates for distribution bounds and the density of zeros on the critical line.

Recommendations

• Further exploration of Riemann's functional equation
• A theorem on the auxiliary zeta function
• On a criterion for the validity of the Riemann hypothesis on the zeros of the zeta-function
• Sufficient and equivalent criteria for the Riemann hypothesis
• The criteria of Riesz, Hardy-Littlewood et al. for the Riemann hypothesis revisited using similar functions

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Cited in

(7)

• An integral equation for Riemann's zeta function and its approximate solution
• Further exploration of Riemann's functional equation
• Uncovering functional relationships at zeros with special reference to Riemann's zeta function
• A theorem on the auxiliary zeta function
• An electrostatic depiction of the validity of the Riemann hypothesis and a formula for the nth zero at large n
• A note on the Riemann -function
• On Riemann's functional equation

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• DLMF

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