Exponential convexifying of polynomials

DOI10.1016/J.BULSCI.2022.103197MaRDI QIDQ2088659zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Krzysztof Kurdyka, Katarzyna Rudnicka, Stanisław Spodzieja

Publication date 6 October 2022

Published in Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.04874

zbMATH Keywords

convex functionexponential functionlower critical pointpolynomialsemialgebraic set

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25) Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) (12D15) Semialgebraic sets and related spaces (14P10) Convexity of real functions of several variables, generalizations (26B25)

Abstract: Let $Xsubsetmathbb{R}^n$ be a convex closed and semialgebraic set and let $f$ be a polynomial positive on $X$. We prove that there exists an exponent $Ngeq1$, such that for any $xiinmathbb{R}^n$ the function $varph{i}_N(x)=e^{N|x-xi{|}^2}f(x)$ is strongly convex on $X$. When $X$ is unbounded we have to assume also that the leading form of $f$ is positive in $mathbb{R}^{n}setminus0$. We obtain strong convexity of $varPh{i}_N(x)=e^{e^{N|x{|}^2}}f(x)$ on possibly unbounded $X$, provided $N$ is sufficiently large, assuming only that $f$ is positive on $X$. We apply these results for searching critical points of polynomials on convex closed semialgebraic sets.

Review text

The paper under review deals with the question of convexifying a polynomial which is positive on a closed convex subset of euclidean \(n\)-space. In [\textit{K. Kurdyka} and \textit{S. Spodzieja}, SIAM J. Optim. 25, No. 4, 2512--2536 (2015; Zbl 1331.11025)] the first and the third author have established the following results for a polynomial \(f\) which is positive on a closed convex subset \(X\) of \(\mathbb{R}^n\): {Special case:} \(X\) is compact. \begin{itemize} \item There exists a positive integer \(N\) such that the function \((1+|x|^2)^Nf(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\). \item There exists a positive integer \(N\) such that the function \((1+|x-\xi|^2)^Nf(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in X\). \end{itemize} {General case:} \begin{itemize} \item Assume that the leading form of \(f\) is positive on \(\mathbb{R}^n\setminus\{0\}.\) For each \(R>0\) there exists \(N_0\) such that for any \(N>N_0\) the function \((1+|x-\xi|^2)^Nf(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in X\) with \(|\xi|\leq R\). \end{itemize} In the present paper convexification using exponential and double exponential factors are investigated. Here are the results: {Special case 1:} \(X\) is compact. \begin{itemize} \item There exists \(N_0\) such that for every \(N>N_0\) the function \(e^{N|x-\xi|^2}f(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in \mathbb{R}^n\). \end{itemize} {General case:} \begin{itemize} \item Assume that the leading form of \(f\) is positive on \(\mathbb{R}^n\setminus\{0\}.\) There exists \(N_0\) such that the function \(e^{N|x-\xi|^2}f(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in \mathbb{R}^n\). \item Assume that there is \(m>0\) such that \(f(x)\geq m\) for all \(x\in X\). For each \(R>0\) there exists \(N_0\) such that for any \(N>N_0\) the function \(e^{e^{N|x-\xi|^2}}f(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in X\) with \(|\xi|\leq R\). \item Assume that \(X\) is semialgebraic. For each \(R>0\) there exists \(N_0\) such that for any \(N>N_0\) the function \(e^{e^{N|x-\xi|^2}}f(x)\) is strongly convex on \(X\) for every \(\xi\in X\) with \(|\xi|\leq R\). \end{itemize} The number \(N_0\) can be effectively computed. The results are applied for searching critical points of plynomials on convex closed semialgebriac sets.

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Cites work

• Convexifying positive polynomials and sums of squares approximation
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4029737 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 914533 (Why is no real title available?)
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Cited in

(5)

• Convexifying positive polynomials and sums of squares approximation
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3916670 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6155052 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2221686 (Why is no real title available?)
• Convexifying of polynomials by convex factor

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