Extremal extensions from the circle to the disk

The author denotes by \(\Delta\) the unit disc, by \(\Gamma\) its circumference, by \(\partial, \overline\partial\) the standard complex differentiation operators. He considers two problems of extending complex values on \(\Gamma\) to \(\Delta\). First he considers an extension of a continuous function \(g\) on \(\Gamma\) usually normalized by the condition \({\mathcal R} [zg(z)]=0\), \(g(1)=g(i) =g(-1)=0\) and the class \(\nu [g]\) of continuous complex-valued extensions \(G\) of \(g\) to \(\Delta\cup \Gamma\) possessing bounded generalized \(\overline\partial\)-derivatives, \(\|\overline \partial G\|_\infty<\infty\). If \(\nu[g]\) is non-empty it contains at least one element \(G_0\) with \[ \|\overline\partial G_0\|_\infty=m_0[g]= \text{g.l.b.} \bigl \{\|\overline \partial G\|_\infty: G\in\nu[g] \bigr\}, \] such a \(G\) is called a least nonanalytic (LNA) extension of \(g\). He denotes by \({\mathcal B}\) the Banach space of functions \(\varphi\) regular in \(\Delta\) with finite \(L'\) norm \(\|\varphi \|_1=\iint_\Delta |\varphi (y)| dA<\infty\). His principal result is the following. A necessary and sufficient condition that \(G\) is an LNA extension of \(G |_\Gamma\) is that \[ \text{l.u.b.} \left\{ {|\iint_\Delta \varphi\overline \partial GdA| \over\| \varphi \|_1}: \varphi\in{\mathcal B} \right\} = \|\overline \partial G\|_\infty. \] He gives some uniqueness results. The second problem the author considers is that of extending a sense-preserving homeomorphism \(f\) of \(\Gamma\) onto itself to a homeomorphism of \(\Delta\cup \Gamma\) onto itself, quasiconformal (q.c.) on \(\Delta\). Here the normalization is \(f(1)=1\), \(f(i)=i\), \(f(-1)=-1\). \(\mu[F]\) denotes the complex dilatation of a q.c. self-mapping \(F^\mu\) of \(\Delta\). Let \(Q[b]\) denote the class of q.c. extensions \(F\) of \(b\). If it is non-empty it contains at least one element \(F_0\) such that \(\|\mu [F_0]\|_\infty =k_0(f)= \text{g.l.e.} \{\| \mu [F]\|_\infty: F\in Q[f]\}\). Such an \(F_0\) is referred to as an extremal quasiconformal (EQc) extension. His principal result is the following. A necessary and sufficient condition that \(F^\mu\) is an EQC extension of \(F^\mu|_\Gamma\) is that \[ \text{l.u.b.} \left\{{|\iint_\Delta \mu(z)\varphi (y)dA | \over \| \varphi \|_1}: \varphi\in{\mathcal B} \right\}= \|\mu\|_\infty. \] It should be observed that this is not a condition which operates solely on the boundary values. The author gives some remarks on uniqueness theorems. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0883.00018].

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