Fast Arnold diffusion in systems with three time scales

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Abstract: We consider the problem of Arnold Diffusion for nearly integrable partially isochronous Hamiltonian systems with three time scales. By means of a careful shadowing analysis, based on a variational technique, we prove that, along special directions, Arnold diffusion takes place with fast (polynomial) speed, even though the ``splitting determinant is exponentially small.


The paper deals with an isochronous systems with three time scales defined by Hamiltonian \[ {\mathcal H}_\mu =\frac{1}{\sqrt{\varepsilon }}I_1+\varepsilon ^a\beta I_2+\frac{p^2}{2}+(\cos q-1)(1+\mu f(\varphi))\tag{1} \] where \((\varphi _1,\varphi _2,q)\in T^1\times T^{m-1}\times T^1\) are the angle variables \((T= \mathbb{R}/2\pi \mathbb{Z})\), \((I_1,I_2,p)\in \mathbb{R}^1\times \mathbb{R}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{R}^1\) are the action variables, \(\beta=(\beta _2,\cdots ,\beta _n)\in \mathbb{R}^{n-1}\), \(n\geq 3\), \(a>0\) and \(\varepsilon >0\), \(O(\min \{\varepsilon ^{3/2},\varepsilon ^{2a+1}\})=\mu \geq 0\) are small parameters. Under certain conditions and by using variational technique with shadowing analysis, it is shown that Arnold diffusion takes place in the system generated by (1) with fast (polynomial) speed, even though the so-called splitting determinant is exponentially small.











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