Finite-valued subgroups of lattice-ordered groups

MaRDI QIDQ4368818zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yuanqian Chen, Michael R. Darnel, Paul F. Conrad

Publication date 10 December 1997

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/30325

zbMATH Keywords

finite-valued subgroup regular subgroup special element torsion class radical value

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordered groups (06F15) Ordered groups (group-theoretic aspects) (20F60)

Review text

The introduction contains a detailed survey of the necessary (known) terminology. Some of these definitions [and some corresponding (known) results]: Regular subgroups of an \(\ell\)-group \(G\), written \(\Gamma(G)\), form a root system. A subset \(\Delta\subseteq\Gamma(G)\) is plenary if \(\bigcap\Delta=\{0\}\) and \(\Delta\) is a dual ideal in \(\Gamma(G)\). \(V(\Delta,R)\) is the Abelian \(\ell\)-group of all real-valued functions on \(\Gamma(G)\), the support of which satisfies the ascending chain condition. \(F(G)\) is the torsion class of all \(\ell\)-groups such that \(G(g)\) has a finite basis for each \(g\in G\). A finite-valued subgroup of \(G\) is an \(\ell\)-subgroup \(U\) such that each \(g\in U\) is finite-valued in \(G\). The finite-valued subgroups of \(G\) form a torsion class, written \(F_v\). This set is the finite-valued torsion radical for \(G\). Some of the main results of the present paper: \(F_v(G)\) is the intersection of all maximal finite-valued subgroups. In addition, \((*)\) \(F_v(G)\) consists of all the finite-valued elements of \(G\), which is equivalent to the existence of a largest finite-valued subgroup of \(G\), or to the containment of all the special elements of \(G\) in \(F_v(G)\). Especially, all the cited equivalences \((*)\) are true for \(G=V(\Delta,R)\). Let \(G\) be Abelian. Then for a finite-valued subgroup \(U\) the following are equivalent. (1) \(U\) is a maximal finite-valued subgroup of \(G\). (2) \(U\) is \(a\)-closed in \(G\), and for each special value \(\delta\) in \(\Gamma(G)\), there exists a special element \(u\in U\) with value \(\delta\). If \((*)\) is true, then \(\Gamma(G)\cong\Delta\), where \(\Delta\) is the set of all special values of \(\Gamma(G)\). If \(G\) is Abelian and divisible and \(U\) is a maximal finite-valued subgroup of \(G\) and \(\delta\) is a special value in \(\Gamma(G)\), then \(U^\delta/U_\delta=G^\delta/G_\delta\). Thus if \(G\) is a vector lattice, then \(U^\delta/U_\delta\cong R\). If \(G\) is, in addition, special-valued, then \(\Sigma(\Delta,R_\delta)\subseteq G\subseteq V(\Delta,R_\delta)\), where \(G^\delta/G_\delta\cong R_\delta\) a divisible subgroup of \(R\) and \(G\) is an \(\ell\)-subgroup of \(V(\Delta,R_\delta)\). If \(U\) is a maximal finite-valued subgroup of \(G\), then there exists an \(\ell\)-automorphism \(\sigma\) such that \(\Sigma(\Delta,R_\delta)\subseteq U\sigma\subseteq G\sigma\subseteq V(\Delta,R_\delta)\) and \(U\sigma\) is an \(a\)-closure of \(\Sigma(\Delta,R_\delta)\) in \(G\sigma\). As to the structure of \(F_v(G)\), the following is shown. Let \(\Delta\) be the largest special ideal in \(\Gamma(G)\) and \(\Lambda=\{\lambda\in\Delta:\langle\lambda\rangle\) contains only a finite number of roots\(\}\). Then \(\Lambda\) is an ideal of \(\Delta\) and hence an ideal of \(\Gamma(G)\) and the following is valid. (1) \(F_v(G)=\bigvee_\Delta G(c_\delta)\), and \(G\in F_v\) if an only if \(\Delta=\Gamma(G)\). (2) \(F(G)=\bigvee_\Lambda G(c_\lambda)\), and \(G\in F\) if and only if \(\Lambda=\Gamma(G)\). (3) \(F(G)=F_v(G)\) if and only if \(\Lambda=\Delta\). Finally, some counterexamples are given.

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