Finite configurations in sparse sets

DOI10.1007/S11854-016-0010-3MaRDI QIDQ279766zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Izabella Łaba, Malabika Pramanik, Vincent M. K. Chan

Publication date 29 April 2016

Published in Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.1174

zbMATH Keywords

Fourier decay conditiongeometric configurationsSalem setssparse sets

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hausdorff and packing measures (28A78) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42B10)

Abstract: Let $Esubseteq{R}^n$ be a closed set of Hausdorff dimension $alpha$. For $mgeqn$, let $B_1,ldots,B_k$ be $nimes(m-n)$ matrices. We prove that if the system of matrices $B_j$ is non-degenerate in a suitable sense, $alpha$ is sufficiently close to $n$, and if $E$ supports a probability measure obeying appropriate dimensionality and Fourier decay conditions, then for a range of $m$ depending on $n$ and $k$, the set $E$ contains a translate of a non-trivial $k$-point configuration $B_{1}y,ldots,B_{k}y$. As a consequence, we are able to establish existence of certain geometric configurations in Salem sets (such as parallelograms in $R^n$ and isosceles right triangles in $R^2$). This can be viewed as a multidimensional analogue of an earlier result of Laba and Pramanik on 3-term arithmetic progressions in subsets of $R$.

Review text

The paper deals with the problem of finding finite geometric configurations in sparse multidimensional sets. The main result is the following: If \(n\lceil (k+1)/2\rceil \leq m < nk, 2(nk-m)/k<\beta<n\), if a system of matrices \(\{B_1,\dots,B_k\}\) of the dimension \(n\times (n-m)\) is non-degenerate in a suitable sense and if a set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) with \(|E|=0\) supports a positive, finite, Radon measure \(\mu\) with the two conditions: (a) (Ball condition): \(\sup_{x\in E,\; 0<r<1} \mu(B(x;r))/r^\alpha \leq C\) for some \(\alpha\in (n-\varepsilon_0,n)\); (b) (Fourier decay): \(\sup_{\xi\in \mathbb{R}^n} \widehat{\mu}(\xi)(1+|\xi|)^{\beta/2}\leq C\), then assuming that \(\varepsilon_0\) is sufficiently small number the set \(E\) contains a translate of a non-trivial \(k\)-point configuration \(\{B_1y,\dots,B_ky\}\). As a consequences there are obtained the following results: 1) Let \(a,b,c\) be three distinct points on the plane. If \(\beta>4/3\) and a set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}^2\) with \(|E|=0\) supports a positive, finite, Radon measure \(\mu\) with the ball and Fourier decay conditions, then assuming that \(\varepsilon_0\) is sufficiently small (depending on \(C, \beta\) and on the configuration \(\{a,b,c\}\)) the set \(E\) contains a triangle \(\Delta xyz\) similar to the triangle \(\Delta abc\); 2) Let \(a,b,c\) be three distinct collinear points in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). If \(\beta>2n/3\) and a set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) with \(|E|=0\) supports a positive, finite, Radon measure \(\mu\) with the ball and Fourier decay conditions, then assuming that \(\varepsilon_0\) is sufficiently small (depending on \(C, \beta\) and on the configuration \(\{a,b,c\}\)) the set \(E\) contain three distinct points \(x,y,z\) that form a similar image of the triple \(a,b,c\); 3) If \(\beta>n/2\) and a set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) with \(|E|=0\) supports a positive, finite, Radon measure \(\mu\) with the ball and Fourier decay conditions, then assuming that \(\varepsilon_0\) is sufficiently small (depending on \(C\) and \(\beta\)) the set \(E\) contains a parallelogram \(\{x, x+y, x+z, x+y+z\}\), where the four points are distinct. The paper continues the previous work of the last two authors concerning 3-term arithmetic progressions in one-dimensional sparse sets: [Geom. Funct. Anal. 19, No. 2, 429--456 (2009; Zbl 1184.28010)].

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