Finite control of nonlinear unsteady-state singular processes
The author studies evolutionary processes with nonlinear gradient diffusion and nonlinear sources with several critical points. Typical examples are evolutionary equations of the form: \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \sum_{i=1}^m\frac{\partial }{\partial x_i} F_{p_i}\left(u, \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_1},\dots ,\frac{\partial u} {\partial x_m}\right) - F_u\left(u, \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_1},\dots , \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_m}\right). \] The main aim of the article is a development of a method of the constructing solutions of the compacton type (finite localized waves) (see \textit{Ph.~Rosenau} and \textit{J.~M.~Hyman}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, No. 5, 564-567 (1993) for evolutionary problems with nonlinear gradient singularities). The author gives a general definition and steady-state for transients of the first type (switch waves) and then exposes a method for the construction of switch waves and their finiteness or periodicity conditions, which consist in the requirement that the Hamiltonian be a function of a greater than quadratic order of growth with respect to its gradient variables. The situation is illustrated by an example of a strongly nonlinear equation which has a harmonical switch wave. Moreover, the author gives a general definition of finite localized solutions of the soliton type and a method of their construction. Furthermore, it is shown that the above condition on the Hamiltonian is also a condition of finite localization of these solutions.
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