Fixed points of endomorphisms of graph groups.
automorphism groupsendomorphism groupsfixed pointsgraph groupsperiodic pointsright angled Artin groups
Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25) Automorphisms of infinite groups (20E36) Automorphism groups of groups (20F28) Braid groups; Artin groups (20F36) Geometric group theory (20F65) Fixed points and periodic points of dynamical systems; fixed-point index theory; local dynamics (37C25) Formal languages and automata (68Q45)
For a group \(G\) let \(\Aut(G)\) denote its automorphism group and let \(\mathrm{End}(G)\) denote its endomorphism monoid and, given \(\varphi\in\mathrm{End}(G)\) let \(\mathrm{Fix}(\varphi)\) denote the set of fixed points of \(\varphi\) (i.e., those \(g\in G\) such that \(g\varphi=g\)) and let \(\mathrm{Per}(g)\) denote the set of all periodic points of \(\varphi\) (i.e., those \(g\in G\) such that \(g\varphi^n=g\) for some \(n\geq 1\)). \textit{S. M. Gersten} [Adv. Math. 64, 51-85 (1987; Zbl 0616.20014)] proved that if \(G\) is the automorphism group of a free group of finite rank then \(\mathrm{Fix}(G)\) is finitely generated. That result has been generalized in several directions and this article continues that theme of research.NEWLINENEWLINE Let \(\Gamma(A,I)\) be a graph with vertex set \(A\) and edge set \(I\). The graph group (or right angled Artin group) \(G(A,\Gamma)\) is the quotient of the free group \(F_A\) by the normal closure of \(\{[a,b]\mid (a,b)\in I\}\) in \(F_A\). This article considers which groups \(G(A,I)\) admit finitely generated fixed point and finitely generated periodic point subgroups for every \(\varphi\in\Aut(G)\) and for every \(\varphi\in\mathrm{End}(G)\). A complete answer is obtained for \(\mathrm{End}(G,A(I))\), namely that each of the following are equivalent: (i) \(\mathrm{Fix}(\varphi)\) is finitely generated for each \(\varphi\in\mathrm{End}(G(A,I))\), (ii) \(\mathrm{Per}(\varphi)\) is finitely generated for each \(\varphi\in\mathrm{End}(G(A,I))\), (iii) \(I\cup\{(a,a)\mid a\in A\}\) is transitive, (iv) \(\Gamma(A,I)\) is a disjoint union of complete graphs, (v) \(G(A,I)\) is a free product of finitely many free Abelian groups of finite rank. For \(\phi\in\mathrm{End}(\varphi)\) a partial answer is obtained, namely that in the case that \(\Gamma(A,I)\) is a transitive forest (that is, if it has no induced subgraph that is a 4-cycle or a path of length 3) then in the first result \(\mathrm{End}(G(A,I))\) may be replaced by \(\Aut(G(A,I))\). Examples are given that show that if \(\Gamma(A,I)\) is not a transitive forest then it may be that \(\mathrm{Fix}(\varphi)\), \(\mathrm{Per}(\varphi)\) are both finitely generated and it may be that neither is.
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