Foliations whose first Chern class is nef
Let \(X\) be a complex projective manifold, and let \(\mathcal F \subset T_X\) be a foliation, that is a saturated subsheaf that is closed under the Lie bracket. In analogy with the case of varieties we call \(-K_{\mathcal F} := \det \mathcal F\) the anticanonical divisor of the foliation \(\mathcal F\). If \(-K_{\mathcal F}\) is numerically trivial (resp. ample) the geometry of the foliation has been investigated by \textit{F. Loray} et al. [Invent. Math. 213, No. 3, 1327--1380 (2018; Zbl 1426.32014)] (resp. [\textit{C. Araujo} and \textit{S. Druel}, Adv. Math. 238, 70--118 (2013; Zbl 1282.14085)]). More recently foliations with nef anticanonical divisor have played an important role for example in the proof of the decomposition theorem for projective manifolds with nef anticanonical divisor by \textit{J. Cao} and \textit{A. Höring} [J. Algebr. Geom. 28, No. 3, 567--597 (2019; Zbl 1419.14055)]. In this paper the author studies foliations that are regular (i.e. \(\mathcal F \subset T_X\) is a subbundle) or have at least one compact leaf. Under this assumption he shows that if \(-K_{\mathcal F}\) is nef there exists a locally trivial fibration \(f: X \rightarrow Y\) with rationally connected fibres onto a projective manifold \(Y\) such that the foliation \(\mathcal F\) is a pull-back of a foliation \(\mathcal G \subset T_Y\) with \(-K_{\mathcal G} \equiv 0\). This generalises work of \textit{S. Druel} [Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse, Math. (6) 26, No. 1, 207--217 (2017; Zbl 1387.14055)] on foliations with semiample anticanonical divisor [Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse, Math. (6) 26, No. 1, 207--217 (2017; Zbl 1387.14055)] and completely reduces the study of these foliations to those with numerically trivial anticanonical divisor.\N\NIf \(\mathcal F\) has a compact leaf one also obtains that there is a decomposition \(T_X = \mathcal F \oplus \mathcal E\) of the tangent bundle. By a conjecture of \textit{A. Beauville} [in: Complex analysis and algebraic geometry. A volume in memory of Michael Schneider. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 61--70 (2000; Zbl 1001.32010)] the existence of such a decomposition should imply that the universal cover of \(X\) is a product.
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