Function-indexed empirical processes based on an infinite source Poisson transmission stream

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Abstract: We study the asymptotic behavior of empirical processes generated by measurable bounded functions of an infinite source Poisson transmission process when the session length have infinite variance. In spite of the boundedness of the function, the normalized fluctuations of such an empirical process converge to a non-Gaussian stable process. This phenomenon can be viewed as caused by the long-range dependence in the transmission process. Completing previous results on the empirical mean of similar types of processes, our results on non-linear bounded functions exhibit the influence of the limit transmission rate distribution at high session lengths on the asymptotic behavior of the empirical process. As an illustration, we apply the main result to estimation of the distribution function of the steady state value of the transmission process.


The paper considers an infinite source Poisson transmission process defined by NEWLINE\[NEWLINEX(t) = \sum\limits_{l \in {\mathbb Z}} {{W_l}{{\text{1}}_{[{\Gamma _l} \leqslant t < {\Gamma _l} + {Y_l}]}}},\quad t \in ( - \infty ,\infty ),NEWLINE\]NEWLINEwhere the triples \(\{ ({\Gamma _l},{Y_l},{W_l}),l \in {\mathbb Z}\} \) of session arrival times, durations and transmission rates satisfy the following assumptions:NEWLINE\begin{itemize}NEWLINE\item[(i)] \(\{ {\Gamma _l} : l \in {\mathbb Z}\} \) are the points of a homogeneous Poisson process on the real line;NEWLINE\item[(ii)] \(\{ (Y,W),({Y_l},{W_l}) : l \in {\mathbb Z}\} \) are i.i.d. random pairs with values in \((0,\infty ) \times [0,\infty )\) and independent of the arrival times, the random variable \(W\) is positive with positive probability, and \(Y\) has finite expectation and infinite variance;NEWLINE\item[(iii)] there exists a measure \(\nu \) on \((0,\infty ] \times [0,\infty ]\) such that \(\nu ((0,\infty ] \times [0,\infty ]) = 1\) and, as \(n \to \infty \), \(n \operatorname{P} \left((Y / a(n),W) \in \cdot \right) \xrightarrow{v} \nu \), where \(\xrightarrow{v}\) denotes vague convergence on \((0,\infty ] \times [0,\infty ]\), and \(a\) is the left continuous inverse of \(1 / {\bar F}\) -- here, \(F\) is the distribution function of \(Y\), and \(\bar F = 1 - F\).NEWLINE\end{itemize}NEWLINENEWLINEThe authors study the large time behavior of the empirical process NEWLINE\[NEWLINE{J_T}(\phi ) = \int_0^T {\phi ({X_h}(s))ds} ,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(h > 0\), \({X_h}(s) = \{ X(s + t) : 0 \leqslant t \leqslant h\} \), and \(\phi \) is a real valued function. The main result of the paper is stated as a functional central limit theorem in the Skorohod \({M_1}\) topology.











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