Functional identities in one variable.

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2013.11.026MaRDI QIDQ397983zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matej Brešar, Špela Špenko

Publication date 12 August 2014

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.2260

zbMATH Keywords

Cayley-Hamilton theoremcentrally closed prime algebrascommuting mapsfunctional identitiesgeneric matrix algebrasmatrix algebrastraces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Semiprime p.i. rings, rings embeddable in matrices over commutative rings (16R20) Functional identities (associative rings and algebras) (16R60)

Abstract: Let $A$ be a centrally closed prime algebra over a characteristic 0 field $k$, and let $q:AoA$ be the trace of a $d$-linear map (i.e., $q(x)=M(x,\mathrm{...},x)$ where $M:A^{d}oA$ is a $d$-linear map). If $[q(x),x]=0$ for every $xinA$, then $q$ is of the form $q(x)=su{m}_{i=0}^{d}m{u}_i(x)x^i$ where each $m{u}_i$ is the trace of a $(d-i)$-linear map from $A$ into $k$. For infinite dimensional algebras and algebras of dimension $>d^2$ this was proved by Lee, Lin, Wang, and Wong in 1997. In this paper we cover the remaining case where the dimension is $le{d}^2$. Using this result we are able to handle general functional identities of one variable on $A$; more specifically, we describe the traces of $d$-linear maps $q_i:AoA$ that satisfy $su{m}_{i=0}^m{x}^i{q}_i(x)x^{m-i}ink$ for every $xinA$.

Review text

Let \(A\) be an algebra over a field \(F\). The authors require \(F\) to be of characteristic 0 but several of their results, as they mention, hold under weaker assumptions on the field. A commuting map \(q\colon A\to A\) is a map such that \(q(a)a=aq(a)\) for all \(a\in A\). If \(A\) and \(B\) are two algebras then a map \(q\colon A\to B\) is the trace of a \(d\)-linear map if there is a \(d\)-linear map \(M\colon A^d\to B\) with \(q(a)=M(a,\ldots,a)\), \(a\in A\).NEWLINENEWLINE A major contribution of the paper under review is the following theorem. Let \(A\) be a centrally closed prime algebra. If \(q\) is a commuting trace of a \(d\)-linear map then \(q\) is of the so-called standard form. Recall that \(q\) is of standard form if \(q(a)=\sum_{i=0}^d\mu_i(a)a_i\) where \(\mu_i\) are traces of \((d-i)\)-linear maps \(A^{d-i}\to A\). This is obtained first by means of a (quite nontrivial) reduction to the case when \(A\) is a matrix algebra and then passing to the algebra of generic matrices which enables the use of methods from commutative algebra.NEWLINENEWLINE The authors also consider various applications of the above theorem in the context of functional identities. They obtain a description of the traces of \(d\)-linear maps \(q_i\) in centrally closed prime algebras such that \(\sum_{i=0}^ma^iq_i(a)a^{m-i}\in F\) for all \(a\in A\).

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Cites work

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Cited in

(15)

• On trace forms of higher degree
• Power commuting additive maps on invertible or singular matrices
• A description of ad-nilpotent elements in semiprime rings with involution
• The structure of \(n\)-commuting additive maps on Lie ideals of prime rings
• Quasi-identities on matrices and the Cayley-Hamilton polynomial.
• Continuous commuting functions on matrix algebras
• Commuting traces of multilinear maps on invertible elements
• Power commuting additive maps on rank-k linear transformations
• Power commuting traces of bilinear maps on invertible elements
• Additive \(n\)-commuting maps on semiprime rings
• Transformations satisfying homogeneous identities
• Some remarks on symmetric linear functions and pseudotrace maps.
• Functional identities and their applications
• On additive maps of semiprime rings satisfying Engel conditions
• Functional identities on matrix algebras.

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