Gauge fields and extrapotentials in constrained quantum systems
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Abstract: We derive an effective Hamiltonian for a quantum system constrained to a submanifold (the constraint manifold) of configuration space (the ambient space) by an infinite restoring force. We pay special attention to how this Hamiltonian depends on quantities which are external to the constraint manifold, such as the external curvature of the constraint manifold, the (Riemannian) curvature of the ambient space, and the constraining potential. In particular, we find the remarkable fact that the twisting of the constraining potential appears as a gauge potential in the constrained Hamiltonian. This gauge potential is an example of geometric phase, closely related to that originally discussed by Berry. The constrained Hamiltonian also contains an effective potential depending on the external curvature of the constraint manifold, the curvature of the ambient space, and the twisting of the constraining potential. The general nature of our analysis allows applications to a wide variety of problems, such as rigid molecules, the evolution of molecular systems along reaction paths, and quantum strip waveguides.
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- Geometry-induced Yang-Mills fields in constrained quantum mechanics
- Constrained quantum particles and geometric phases in noninertial frames
- Dirac equation on a curved (2+1)-dimensional hypersurface
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- WIRES WITH QUANTUM MEMORY
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- The physical meaning of the embedded effect in the quantum submanifold system
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- Appearance of gauge fields and forces beyond the adiabatic approximation
- All order covariant tubular expansion
- Quantum gases on a torus
- Curvature-induced quantum behaviour on a helical nanotube
- Generalised quantum waveguides
- Canonical quantization of motion on submanifolds
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