Generators for the ideal of a projectively embedded toric surface
Let \(X\) be a toric surface. It is well known [see \textit{V. I. Danilov}, Russ. Math. Surv. 33, No. 2, 97-154 (1978); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 33, No. 2(200), 85-134 (1978; Zbl 0425.14013)] that \(X\) is determined by a fan \(\Delta\) in \(\mathbb{Z}^ 2\). We will use the notation used in the \textit{T. Oda}'s book [``Convex bodies and algebraic geometry (1988; Zbl 0628.52002)] and denote \(X = T_{\text{emb}} (\Delta)\). An ample line bundle \({\mathcal L}\) on \(X\) is determined by a certain integral convex polygon \(P\) and the cohomology group \(H^ 0 (X, {\mathcal L})\) corresponds in a natural way to \(P\). Since we are in dimension 2, an ample line bundle \({\mathcal L}\) is also a very ample line bundle, hence \({\mathcal L}\) gives an embedding in some projective space. It is an interesting problem to determine equations for this embedded surface. Especially how many equations should one determine? The answer to this problem is given in this article: one has to determine the equations of degrees 2 and 3. The basic idea is that we will rewrite every monomial, which appears in a defining equation, in some kind of standard monomial. This rewriting uses the equations of degrees 2 and 3.
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