Generic length functions on countable groups

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2023.08.002MaRDI QIDQ6051020zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors A. Jarnevic, Denis Osin, Koichi Oyakawa

Publication date 19 September 2023

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.10712

zbMATH Keywords

Cayley graphcountable grouplength functionmixed identity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model-theoretic algebra (03C60) Other infinitary logic (03C75) Descriptive set theory (03E15) Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25) Geometric group theory (20F65) Hyperbolic groups and nonpositively curved groups (20F67)

Abstract: Let $L(G)$ denote the space of integer-valued length functions on a countable group $G$ endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence. Assuming that $G$ does not satisfy any non-trivial mixed identity, we prove that a generic (in the Baire category sense) length function on $G$ is a word length and the associated Cayley graph is isomorphic to a certain universal graph $U$ independent of $G$. On the other hand, we show that every comeager subset of $L(G)$ contains $2^{alep{h}_0}$ asymptotically incomparable length functions. A combination of these results yields $2^{alep{h}_0}$ pairwise non-equivalent regular representations $GoAut(U)$. We also prove that generic length functions are virtually indistinguishable from the model-theoretic point of view. Topological transitivity of the action of $G$ on $L(G)$ by conjugation plays a crucial role in the proof of the latter result.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a countable group endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence and let \(L(G)\) denote the space of integer-valued length functions on \(G\). For every \(\ell \in L(G)\) the authors define the Cayley graph with vertex set \(G\) where two vertices \(a, b \in G\) are connected by an edge if and only if \(\ell(a^{-1}b)=1\). A group \(G\) satisfies a non-trivial mixed identity if there exists a nontrivial element \(w\) of the free product \(G \ast \mathbb{Z}\) such that \(\alpha(w)=1\) for every homomorphism \(\alpha : G \ast \mathbb{Z} \rightarrow G\) satisfying \(\alpha(g)=g\) for all \( \in G\). If \(G\) does not satisfy any non-trivial mixed identity, it is said to be mixed-identity free (or \(\mathrm{MIF}\) for brevity). Let \(U\) be the universal graph for isometric embeddings, whose existence was proved in [\textit{L. S. Moss}, Discrete Math. 102, No. 3, 287--305 (1992; Zbl 0754.03028)] (\(U\) can be defined as the unique countable graph satisfying the following properties: \(U\) is connected, isometrically embeds every finite connected graph and any isometry between any two finite sets of vertices extends to an automorphism of \(U\). The first result in this paper is Theorem 1.5: For any countable \(\mathrm{MIF}\) group \(G\), a generic length function on \(G\) is a word length and the corresponding Cayley graph is isomorphic to the Moss graph \(U\). If \(\ell_{1}, \ell_{2} \in L(G)\), define \(\ell_{1} \preccurlyeq \ell_{2}\) if the ratio \(\ell_{1}/\ell_{2}\) is bounded on \(G\setminus \{1\}\). Further, \(\ell_{1}\) and \(\ell_{2}\) are (bi-Lipschitz) equivalent if \(\ell_{1} \preccurlyeq \ell_{2}\) and \(\ell_{2} \preccurlyeq \ell_{1}\). The following three interesting results are then proved in the paper under review. Theorem 1.7: Let \(G\) be a countable group. Every comeager subset of \(L(G)\) contains \(2^{\aleph_{0}}\) pairwise \( \preccurlyeq\)-incomparable (in particular, non-equivalent) length functions. Theorem 1.9: Suppose that \(G\) is a countable \(\mathrm{MIF}\) group. Then \(L(G)\) contains a comeager elementary equivalence class. Theorem 1.10: For every countable \(\mathrm{MIF}\) group \(G\), the conjugacy action of \(G\) on \(L(G)\) is topologically transitive.

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Cited in

(4)

• Generic norms and metrics on countable abelian groups
• Pregroups and length functions
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1421044 (Why is no real title available?)
• Generic representations of countable groups

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