Geometric conditions of differentiability for a regular locally Lipschitz function

Derivatives of functions in infinite-dimensional spaces (46G05) Fréchet and Gateaux differentiability in optimization (49J50) Differentiation theory (Gateaux, Fréchet, etc.) on manifolds (58C20)

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It is well known that the differentiability of the norm in a Banach space \(X\) can be characterized by the geometric properties of \(X\), i.e., by the geometric properties of the unit sphere. So 1982 it was shown by Chen Daoqi that the norm \(\|\cdot\|\) is Fréchet-differentiable in the point \(x^0\neq 0\) if and only if \[ \lim_{\substack{ u,v\to x^0\\ \| u\|=\| v\|= \| x^0\|\\ u\neq v}}\;{\| x^0\|- \|{u+v\over 2}\|\over \| u- v\|}= 0. \] For the Gâteaux-differentiability, the condition can be weakened taking the limits only for finite-dimensional subspaces. In the same sense, the Fréchet-differentiability for arbitrary convex functions in a point \(x^0\in \text{int}(\text{dom }f)\) is characterized by \[ \exists h_0\neq 0: f'(x^0, h^0)=-f'(x^0,- h^0),\tag{i} \] \[ \lim_{\substack{ u,v\to x^0\\ f(u)= f(v)= f(x_0)\\ u\neq v}}\;{f(x^0)- f({u+ v\over 2})\over \| u-v\|}= 0.\tag{ii} \] Also here the condition can be weakened for the discussion of Gâteaux-differentiable functions. In the present paper, the authors extend these results for locally Lipschitz functions. Assuming \(f\) to be regular or weakly regular at \(x^0\) (i.e., \(f'(x^0,\cdot)= f^0(x^0,\cdot)\) or only \(f'(x^0,\cdot)\) convex), necessary and sufficient conditions for Gâteaux-differentiability, Fréchet-differentiability, strict Fréchet-differentiability, and \(\beta\)-differentiability are presented.

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