Global stability properties of a hyperbolic system arising in pattern formation
This paper deals with the following hyperbolic system \[ u_t- u_x=u (\lambda- u-\alpha v), \quad v_t+v_x= v(\lambda- v-\alpha u), \tag{1} \] in \(-1<x<1\) and \(t\geq 0\), with boundary conditions \[ v=Ru \text{ at } x=-1, \quad u=Rv \text{ at } x=1, \tag{2} \] and initial conditions \[ u=u_0 (x)>0, \quad v=v_0 (x)>0 \quad \text{at } t=0, \tag{3} \] where \(u_0\) and \(v_0\) are \({\mathcal C}^1\)-functions satisfying (3), (4) and the additional compatibility conditions \[ v_0'+ Ru_0'= (\alpha-1) (R-1)Ru^2_0 \text{ at } x=-1, \quad u_0'+Rv_0' =(\alpha-1)(1-R) Rv^2_0 \text{ at } x=1. \tag{4} \] Here, the real parameter \(\lambda\) is a bifurcation parameter, while \(R>0\) and \(\alpha\) are real constants. We show that: (a) If \(\alpha\leq -1\) then (1)--(4) possess solutions that diverge, in finite time if \(\alpha<-1\) or as \(t\to\infty\) if \(\alpha =-1\), while if \(\alpha>-1\), then the solutions of (1)--(4) are uniformly bounded in \(0\leq t< \infty\). (b) If \(\alpha>-1\) and \(\lambda< -(\log R)/2\), then every solution of (1)--(4) converges uniformly to \(u=v=0\) as \(t\to\infty\). (c) If \(-1< \alpha<1\) and \(\lambda> -(\log R)/2\) then as \(t\to\infty\) every solution of (1)--(4) converges uniformly to a unique steady state, \((u_s,v_s)\), such that \(u_s>0\) and \(v_s>0\) in \(-1\leq x\leq 1\).
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