Graphical models for topological groups: a case study on countable Stone spaces
This article develops a graphical model for the large-scale geometry of Polish groups, generalizing the Cayley and Cayley-Abels graph constructions to define what the authors call Cayley-Abels-Rosendal graphs. These are countable connected graphs equipped with continuous, vertex-transitive actions by Polish groups with coarsely bounded stabilizers and finitely many edge orbits. When such a graph exists, the group is generated by a coarsely bounded set and becomes quasi-isometric to the graph.\N\NThe theory is applied to homeomorphism groups of countable Stone spaces \(X_{\alpha,n}\), which are classified by a Cantor-Bendixson rank \(\alpha\) and a finite number \(n\) of isolated points at maximal rank. It is shown that \(\mathrm{Homeo}(X_{\alpha,n})\) is always locally bounded, coarsely bounded if and only if \(n = 1\) and boundedly generated precisely when \(n > 1\) and \(\alpha\) is a successor ordinal. In such cases, the authors construct explicit Cayley-Abels-Rosendal graphs and determine the quasi-isometry type of the group.
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