High-pliability Fano hypersurfaces

DOI10.1007/S12215-023-00861-ZMaRDI QIDQ6115865zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 August 2023

Published in Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00154

compound Du Val singularities Fano 3-fold pliability

Rational and birational maps (14E05) Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays) (14E30) (3)-folds (14J30) Fano varieties (14J45)

Abstract: We show that five of Reid's Fano 3-fold hyperurfaces containing at least one compound Du Val singularity of type

c A_{n}

have pliability at least two. The two elements of the pliability set are the singular hypersurface itself, and another non-isomorphic Fano hypersurface of the same degree, embedded in the same weighted projective space, but with different compound Du Val singularities. The birational map between them is the composition of two birational links initiated by blowing up two Type I centres on a codimension 4 Fano 3-fold of

m a t h b b P^{2} i m e s m a t h b b P^{2}

-type having Picard rank 2.

Review text

The end product of the Minimal Model Program on a smooth uniruled variety is a Mori fibre space. In general, there may be several ``essentially different Mori fibre spaces in a class of birational equivalence. The pliability of a Mori fibre space is the set of ``essentially different Mori fibre spaces birational to it. The pliability \(\mathcal P\) was introduced in the context of the study of non-rational Fano \(3\)-folds - indeed, a rational Mori fibre space necessarily has infinite pliability. Terminal \(\mathbb Q\)-factorial Fano \(3\)-folds of Picard rank \(1\) are Mori fibre spaces. These can be embedded in weighted projective spaces by graded rings method [\textit{G. Brown} et al.: Graded Ring Database. \url{http://www.grdb.co.ukGradedRingDatabase}]. There are 95 Fano \(3\)-folds that are hypersurfaces, and those that are quasi-smooth are known to have pliability reduced to a point, i.e.~\(|\mathcal P|=1\) [\textit{I. Cheltsov} and \textit{J. Park}, Birationally rigid Fano threefold hypersurfaces. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2017; Zbl 1383.14004)]. The main theorem of the paper states that this no longer holds for five of these hypersurfaces when they have suitable \(cA_n\) points. Unlike in previously studied cases [\textit{A. Corti} and \textit{M. Mella}, Am. J. Math. 126, No. 4, 739--761 (2004; Zbl 1063.14016); \textit{H. Ahmadinezhad} and \textit{A.-S. Kaloghiros}, Compos. Math. 152, No. 5, 955--983 (2016; Zbl 1388.14043)], here the elements of the pliability set are non-isomorphic hypersurfaces of the same type (with different singularities). These are produced by \(2\)-ray configurations on suitable Picard rank \(2\) codimension \(4\) Fano \(3\)-folds whose equations resemble the Segre embedding of \(\mathbb P^2 \times \mathbb P^2\) as in [\textit{G. Brown} et al., Eur. J. Math. 4, No. 1, 51--72 (2018; Zbl 1390.14120)].

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