Higher initial ideals of homogeneous ideals
Let \(S=k[x_0,x_1,\dots,x_n]\) be a polynomial ring. For a module \(M\) over \(S\), denote \(M=\text{Hom}(M,S)\). For an ideal \(I\) of \(S\), denote by \(I_>\) the initial ideals of \(I\) (ideals, generated by the leading terms of \(I\)) with respect to some term ordering \(>\); the same notation is used for modules and for differentials of complexes if appropriate. Following a preprint of \textit{C. Walter}, the author considers a free resolution for \(I\) \[ (F^\bullet,d^\bullet):F^{-n} @>>d^{-n}>F^{-n+1}\to\cdots \to F^{-1} @>> d^{-1}>F^0\to I \] which corresponds to a resolution \((F^\bullet,d^\bullet)\) of \(I_>\). For the dual complex \[ (\overset\vee F^\bullet,\overset\vee d^\bullet): \overset\vee {F^0} \overset\vee F^{-1}\cdots \overset\vee F^{-n+(s+2)} @>>\overset\vee d^{-n+s+1}> \overset\vee F^{-n+(s+1)} @>>\overset\vee d^{-n+s}>\overset\vee F^{-n+s}\cdots, \] the truncation \[ (\overset\vee F^\bullet|_s,\overset\vee d^\bullet):\overset\vee {F^0} \overset\vee F^{-1}\cdots \overset\vee F^{-n+s+2} \text{Ker} \overset\vee d^{-n+s} \] is considered. The author defines the initial class \(s\) of \(I\) as \(\overset\vee R\) \((\overset\vee F^\bullet|_s, \overset\vee d^\bullet_>)\), where \(\overset\vee R\) is the right derived functor, corresponding to the functor \(^\vee\). It is proved that this class is determined by a submodule of \(\text{Ext}^{n-s-1}(I_>,S)\) and a monomial ideal \(I_{>,s}\). A combinatorial structure of the obtained characteristics is indicated by using the ``generic coordinates (where the ideal \(I_>\) is Borel-fixed). From here, information about \(\dim H^i({\mathcal I}(\nu))\), where \({\mathcal I}\) is the sheafification of the ideal \(I\) is obtained. Going over to hyperplane sections is considered. As illustration, the case of a curve in \(\mathbb{C}^3\) is presented in detail.
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