Hodge loci associated with linear subspaces intersecting in codimension one
Let \(X\) be a smooth, projective degree \(d\) hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}^{2k+1}\) containing two \(k\)-linear planes, say \(\Pi_1, \Pi_2\). The article studies deformations of \(X\) such that a linear combination of the cohomology classes of \(\Pi_1\) and \(\Pi_2\), deforms as a Hodge class. Such deformations are captured by the Hodge loci. One of the important questions in the subject is, given \(\lambda \in \mathbb{Q}^*\) are there deformations of \(X\) such that \([\Pi_1]+\lambda[\Pi_2]\) deforms as a Hodge class, but the cohomology class of \(\Pi_1\) does not deform as a Hodge class? The article answers this question for all positive values of \(d, k\) and \(c:=\mathrm{codim}(\Pi_1 \cap \Pi_2)\). The cases when \((c-1)(d-2) > 2\) was answered in a previous article of the author. In the same article, he also answers the case when \((c-1)(d-2) \le 2\) and \(c>1\). In this article, he focuses on the remaining case: \((c-1)(d-2) \le 2\) and \(c=1\). The author shows that in this case the above question has a negative answer in general. In particular, he shows that there is a finite set \(\Sigma \subset \mathbb{Q}\) and a smooth, degree \(d\) hypersurface \(X\) in \(\mathbb{P}^{2k+1}\) containing two \(k\)-linear planes, say \(\Pi_1, \Pi_2\) with \(\dim(\Pi_1 \cap \Pi_2)=k-1\) such that for all \(\lambda \in \mathbb{Q} \backslash \Sigma\) and for every deformation of \(X\), \([\Pi_1]+\lambda[\Pi_2]\) deforms as a Hodge class if and only if \([\Pi_1]\) (and hence \([\Pi_2]\)) deforms as a Hodge class. Moreover, if \(d \ge 6\), then \(\Sigma=\{0,1\}\). This implies generic smoothness of the associated Hodge loci.
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