Hom stacks

DOI10.1007/S00229-005-0602-1MaRDI QIDQ813274zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 31 January 2006

Published in Manuscripta Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0503358

algebraic spaces Artin approximation deformations formal methods Picard functor

Generalizations (algebraic spaces, stacks) (14A20) Local deformation theory, Artin approximation, etc. (14B12) Formal methods and deformations in algebraic geometry (14D15) Picard schemes, higher Jacobians (14K30)

Abstract: We study Hom 2-functors parameterizing 1-morphisms of algebraic stacks, and prove that it is representable by an algebraic stack under certain conditions, using Artin's criterion. As an application we study Picard 2-functors which parameterizes line bundles on algebraic stacks.

Review text

For an affine noetherian scheme \(S\) over an excellent Dedekind domain, let \({\mathcal X}\) and \({\mathcal Y}\) be two algebraic stacks over \(S\). Then the Hom 2-functor \({\mathcal HOM}({\mathcal X},{\mathcal Y})\) is a contravariant 2-functor from the category of affine noetherian schemes over \(S\) to the 2-category of groupoids defined by \({\mathcal HOM}({\mathcal X},{\mathcal Y})(T): \text{Hom}_T({\mathcal X} \times_ST,{\mathcal Y}\times_ST)\), where the right hand side stands for the groupoid of 1-morphisms. In the paper under review, the author proves the following representability theorem for the functor \({\mathcal HOM}({\mathcal X},{\mathcal Y})\): If \(X\) is proper and flat over \(S\) and \(Y\) is of finite representation over \(S\), then the 2-functor \({\mathcal HOM} ({\mathcal X},{\mathcal Y})\) is even an Artin stack. i.e., an algebraic stack for which the diagonal is representable and locally of finite type. This theorem somehow extends a recent result of \textit{M. Olsson} [Duke Math. J. 134, No. 1, 139--164 (2006; Zbl 1114.14002)], which states that if \(X\) is a proper flat algebraic space and \(Y\) is a separated algebraic space of finite type, then the corresponding functor \({\mathcal H}om(X,Y)\) is representable by an algebraic space. Moreover, if \(X\) and \(Y\) are quasi-projective schemes, then \({\mathcal HOM}(X,Y)\) is also a quasi-projective scheme. However, Olsson's method of proof involves Hilbert schemes and his special ``Quot functor [\textit{M. Olsson} and \textit{J. Starr}, Commun. Algebra 31, No. 8, 4069--4096 (2003; Zbl 1071.14002)], both of which are not applicable to the present situation of Artin stacks. Therefore the author proves his main theorem in a different way. Actually, using his recent previous results on deformations of algebraic stacks [\textit{M. Aoki}, Compos. Math. 141, No. 1, 19--34 (2005; Zbl 1071.14004)], he manages to verify \textit{M. Artin}'s representability criterion [Invent. Math. 27, 165--189 (1974; Zbl 0317.14001)] directly under the given assumptions. This involves a deeper study of the deformation theory of 1-morphisms of Artin stacks, a generalization of L. Illusie's classical work on the cotangent complex in algebraic deformation theory, and a verification of some related Schlessinger conditions. Then, after a brief discussion of the possible quasi-separatedness of the Artin stack \({\mathcal HOM}({\mathcal X},{\mathcal Y})\), the author gives a concrete application of his main result to the Picard 2-functor \({\mathcal P}ic_X\) of an algebraic stack \(X\) over \(S\) [à la \textit{G. Laumon} and \textit{L. Moret-Bailly}, ``Champs algébriques (Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete, 3. Folge 39, Berlin: Springer) (2000; Zbl 0945.14005)]. More precisely, the author's second main theorem establishes the fact that the Picard stack \({\mathcal P}ic_{\mathcal X}\) is an Artin stack if \({\mathcal X}\) is proper and flat over \(S\). This may be seen as a generalization of M. Artin's classical result on algebraic spaces.

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