Hopf mappings for complex quaternions

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Hopf mappings isomorphisms of simple Lie groups

Semisimple Lie groups and their representations (22E46) Sphere bundles and vector bundles in algebraic topology (55R25)

The Hopf map \(\eta\) associated with the (real) quaternion skew field \({\mathbb H}\) is defined by \(\eta : \{(x,y) \in {\mathbb H}^2 \mid \|x\|^2 + \|y\|^2 = 1\} \to \text{ P}_1{\mathbb H} \), \ \((x,y) \mapsto (x,y){\mathbb H} \). Here, \(\text{ P}_1{\mathbb H} \approx {\mathbb S}_4\) is the projective line over \({\mathbb H}\). Thus, \(\eta\) is a fibering of \({\mathbb S}_7\) over \({\mathbb S}_4\) with fibers \({\mathbb S}_3\). In the first three sections, the author discusses very explicitly the map \(\eta\) and, in particular, how \(\eta\) yields the well-known isomorphism \(\text{ PSL}_2{\mathbb H} \cong \text{ PO}^+_{5,1}{\mathbb R}\) [see, e.g., the ref. et al. Compact projective planes, Berlin: de Gruyter (1995; Zbl 0851.51003), (15.6); or \textit{L. Kramer}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 563, 83-113 (2003), \S 3]. He then introduces the complex quaternion algebra \(\tilde{\mathbb H}\) in the usual way as the tensor product \({\mathbb H}{\otimes}_{\mathbb R}{\mathbb C}\). Most of the formulæ that have been derived in the case of the real quaternions can be extended to the complex situation. In this way, \(\tilde\eta\) provides an isomorphism \(\text{ GL}_2\tilde{\mathbb H}/{\mathbb C}^{\times} \cong \text{ SO}_6{\mathbb C}/\{\pm 1\}\). Restricting \(\tilde{\mathbb H}\) to a suitable \(4\)-dimensional real subalgebra leads to a kind of Hopf mapping onto the Klein quadric and the corresponding group isomorphism.

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