Instability of semi-Riemannian closed geodesics

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AB1C87MaRDI QIDQ5240839zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Xijun Hu, Alessandro Portaluri, Ran Yang

Publication date 29 October 2019

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.07619

zbMATH Keywords

Bott iteration formulaclosed geodesicslinear instabilityMaslov indexsemi-Riemannian manifoldsspectral flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22) Lagrangian submanifolds; Maslov index (53D12) Variational problems in applications to the theory of geodesics (problems in one independent variable) (58E10) Spectral flows (58J30)

Abstract: A celebrated result due to Poincar'e affirms that a closed non-degenerate minimizing geodesic $gamma$ on an oriented Riemannian surface is hyperbolic. Starting from this classical theorem, our first main result is a general instability criterion for timelike and spacelike closed semi-Riemannian geodesics on a (non)oriented manifold. A key role is played by the spectral index, a new topological invariant that we define through the spectral flow (being the Morse index truly infinite) of a path of selfadjoint Fredholm operators. A major step in the proof of this result is a em new spectral flow formula. Bott's iteration formula, introduced by author in 1956, relates in a clear way the Morse index of an iterated closed Riemannian geodesic and the so-called $omega$-Morse indices. Our second result is a semi-Riemannian generalization of the famous Bott-type iteration formula in the case of closed (resp. timelike closed) Riemannian (resp. Lorentzian) geodesics. Our last result is a strong instability result obtained by controlling the Morse index of the geodesic and of all of its iterations.

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Cited in

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• Spectral flow and iteration of closed semi-Riemannian geodesics
• Instability of Liouville property for quasi-isometric Riemannian manifolds and reversible Markov chains
• Spectral flow, Brouwer degree and Hill's determinant formula
• Decomposition of spectral flow and Bott-type iteration formula
• A dihedral Bott-type iteration formula and stability of symmetric periodic orbits
• Linear instability of periodic orbits of free period Lagrangian systems
• Morse index and the stability of closed geodesics

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