Integrable systems and closed one forms

Completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, integration methods, integrability tests (37J35) Completely integrable systems and methods of integration for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H06)

Abstract: In the first part of this paper we revisit a classical topological theorem by Tischler (1970) and deduce a topological result about compact manifolds admitting a set of independent closed forms proving that the manifold is a fibration over a torus. As an application we reprove the Liouville theorem for integrable systems asserting that the invariant sets or compact connected fibers of a regular integrable system are tori. We give a new proof of this theorem (including the non-commutative version) for symplectic and more generally Poisson manifolds.

Review text

\textit{D. Tischler} [Topology 9, 153--154 (1970; Zbl 0177.52103)] stated the following claim: let \(M^n\) be a compact connected manifold admitting \(k\) closed one-forms \(\{ \beta_1, \dots, \beta_k \}\), which are linearly independent at each point of \(M^n\); then \(M^n\) fibers over a torus \(\mathbf T^k\). This is proved explicitly only for \(k=1\). The present paper provides a proof of the above claim in its general version, using a lemma by Ehresmann, which states that a smooth map \(f : M^n \to N^n\) between smooth manifolds such \(f\) is a surjective projection and a proper map, is a locally trivial fibration. For \(k=n\), the theorem implies the following corollary: let \(M^n\) be a compact connected manifold admitting \(n\) closed one-forms which are linearly independent at each point of \(M^n\); then \(M^n\) is diffeomorphic to a torus \(\mathbf T^k\). The corollary is used to provide a new proof of the Liouville-Arnold theorem for integrable systems; this applies to symplectic and to Poisson manifolds. This approach also allows to deal with {non-commutative integrable systems}.

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