Integral representations for polynomial projections and their kernels
The author considers a class of polynomial projections \[ \Pi_nf(x)=\int_{-1}^{1}f(y)\sum_{k=0}^{n}x^ku_k(y)dy, \] where \( \{u_k(y)\}_{k=0}^n \) is a system of continuously differentiable functions on \( [-1,1] \) that is biorthonormal to \( \{x^k\}_{k=0}^n, \) i.e. \[ \int_{-1}^1u_k(x)x^{i}dx=\delta_{ki}, \] such that the projection kernel \( K_n(x,y)=\sum_{k=0}^nx^ku_k(y) \) allows an integral representation of the form \[ K_n(x,y)=\int_{-1}^1\sum_{j=0}^ph_j(xt)g_j(yt)dt, \] where \( p \) is independent of \( n. \) A criterion of biorthogonality is given which is used to obtain new integral representations of the projection kernels. This approach is illustrated for the Legendre projection. It is used also to derive a new identity for the Gegenbauer kernel.
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