Integral transformations of hypergeometric functions with several variables
The paper under review proposes a multivariable generalization of the Riemann-Liouville integral transformation\N\[\N(I^\mu_{x,c}\phi)(x) = \frac{1}{\Gamma(\mu)} \int_c^x \phi(t)(x-t)^{\mu-1}\,dt,\N\]\Nand introduces\N\[\N(K_x^\mu\phi)(x) = \frac{1}{\Gamma(\mu)} \int_0^1 \phi(tx)(1-t)^{\mu-1}\,dt,\N\]\Ntogether with the identity\N\[\NK_x^\mu x^\alpha = \frac{\Gamma(\alpha+1)}{\Gamma(\alpha+\mu+1)} x^\alpha.\N\]\N\NThe author then considers the multivariable transformation\N\[\N(K^\mu_{\mathbf{x}}\phi)(\mathbf{x}) = \frac{1}{\Gamma(\mu)} \int_{\substack{t_1>0,\dots,t_n>0 \\ t_1+\dots+t_n<1}} (1-t_1-\dots-t_n)^{\mu-1} \phi(t_1x_1,\dots,t_nx_n)\,dt_1 \dots dt_n\N\]\N(see Definition 1), for which\N\[\NK^\mu_{\mathbf{x}} \mathbf{x}^\alpha = \frac{\Gamma(\boldsymbol{\alpha}+1)}{\Gamma(|\boldsymbol{\alpha}+1|+\mu)} \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\alpha}},\N\]\Nand\N\[\N(L^\mu_{\mathbf{x}}\phi)(\mathbf{x}) = \frac{\Gamma(\mu+n)}{(2\pi i)^n} \int_{\frac{1}{n+1}-i\infty}^{\frac{1}{n+1}+i\infty} \dots \int_{\frac{1}{n+1}-i\infty}^{\frac{1}{n+1}+i\infty}\N\phi\!\left(\frac{x_1}{t_1},\dots,\frac{x_n}{t_n}\right)\N(1-|\mathbf{t}|)^{-\mu-n}\,dt_1 \dots dt_n\N\]\N(see Definition 2), satisfying\N\[\NL^\mu_{\mathbf{x}} \mathbf{x}^\alpha = \frac{\Gamma(|\boldsymbol{\alpha}+1|+\mu)}{\Gamma(\boldsymbol{\alpha}+1)} \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}.\N\]\N\NFurther transformations are introduced:\N\[\NK_x^{\mu,\lambda} = \mathbf{x}^{1-\boldsymbol{\lambda}} K_x^\mu \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\lambda}-1}, \N\qquad\NL_x^{\mu,\lambda} = \mathbf{x}^{1-\boldsymbol{\lambda}} L_x^\mu \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\lambda}-1},\N\]\N(see Definition 3), yielding\N\[\NK_{\mathbf{x}}^{\mu,\lambda} \mathbf{x}^\alpha = \frac{\Gamma(\boldsymbol{\lambda}+\boldsymbol{\alpha})}{\Gamma(|\boldsymbol{\lambda}+\boldsymbol{\alpha}|+\mu)} \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\alpha}},\N\]\Nand\N\[\NL_{\mathbf{x}}^{\mu,\lambda} \mathbf{x}^\alpha = \frac{\Gamma(|\boldsymbol{\lambda}+\boldsymbol{\alpha}|+\mu)}{\Gamma(\boldsymbol{\lambda}+\boldsymbol{\alpha})} \mathbf{x}^{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}.\N\]\N\NThe author also studies integral transformations of convergent power series (in Theorems 1 and 2), applying them to Lauricella and Appell (for \(n=2\)) hypergeometric functions \(F_A, F_B, F_C, F_1, F_2, F_3, F_4\) in several variables, as well as to the Kummer function \({}_1F_1\).\N\NAdditional transformations are considered:\N\[\N(T_{x\to R(x)}\phi)(x) = \phi(R(x)),\N\]\N\[\NK_{\mathbf{y},x\to R(x)}^{\mu,\lambda} := T^{-1}_{x\to R(x)} \circ K_{\mathbf{y}}^{\mu,\lambda} \circ T_{x\to R(x)},\N\qquad\NL_{\mathbf{y},x\to R(x)}^{\mu,\lambda} := T^{-1}_{x\to R(x)} \circ L_{\mathbf{y}}^{\mu,\lambda} \circ T_{x\to R(x)},\N\]\N(see Definition 4). These transformations are applied to Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-type (KZ) systems in order to reduce them to the systems given in Equations (70), (76), (82)--(90) (see Theorem 3).\N\NFor the entire collection see [Zbl 1560.22003].
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