Intermediate Jacobians and Hodge structures of moduli spaces

Abstract: Let SU_X(n,L) be the moduli space of rank n semistable vector bundles with fixed determinant L on a smooth projective genus g>1 curve X. Let SU_X^s(n,L) denote the open subset parameterizing stable bundles. We show that for small i, the mixed Hodge structure on H^i(SU_X^s(n, L), Q) is independent of the degree of L, and hence pure of weight i. Moreover any simple factors is, up to Tate twisting, isomorphic to a summand of a tensor power of H^1(X,Q). A more precise statement for i = 3, yields a Torelli theorem complementing earlier work of several authors. This is a replacement of our preprint Intermediate Jacobians of Moduli spaces which contained a gap.

Review text

The authors prove a Torelli theorem for moduli spaces of vector bundles over a Riemann surface \(X\) (of genus greater than 1), by studying the mixed Hodge structures of the (singular) spaces \({\mathcal SU}_X(n,L)\) when \(n\) and deg \(L\) are not coprime. These are the (Seshadri) moduli spaces of semi-stable rank \(n\) vector bundles on \(X\) with determinant isomorphic to \(L\). The Torelli question (whether the curve can be recovered from this space, as it can from the Jacobian in the classical Torelli theorem), had been asked before and partial answers are referenced by the authors. The problem is however open when the rank and degree are not coprime, while in the other case the spaces are non-singular and the answer is in the affirmative. This paper gives an affirmative answer for certain numerical ranges, using a beautiful idea, the Hecke correspondence [introduced by \textit{M. S. Narasimhan} and \textit{S. Ramanan}, in: C. P. Ramanujam -- a tribute, Stud. Math. 8, 291-345 (1978; Zbl 0427.14002)] which allows one to go from the coprime to the non-coprime case of rank and degree. This yields results on the purity of the Hodge structure in small degree only, due to the technical difficulties of controlling the set where the Hecke correspondence is not defined. The main technical result of the paper is that if \(n\geq 4\), and if \(i<\iota(n,g) = 2(n-1)g - (n-1)(n^2+3n+1)-7 \) is an integer, then for any line bundles \(L\), \(L'\) on \(X\) the mixed Hodge structures \(H^i({\mathcal S\mathcal U}_X^s(n_,L),\mathbb{Q})\) and \(H^i({\mathcal S\mathcal U}_X^s(n,L'),\mathbb{Q})\) are (non-canonically) isomorphic and are of pure weight \(i\). Ultimately, the intermediate Jacobian \[ J^2({\mathcal S\mathcal U}_X^s(n,L)) = {{H^3({\mathcal S\mathcal U}_X^s(n,L),\mathbb{C})}\over{F^2+H^3({\mathcal S\mathcal U}_X^s(n,L),\mathbb{Z})}} \] is isomorphic to \(J(X)\), where the superscript \(s\) denotes the open subset consisting of stable bundles.

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