Intermittency in turbulence
This text grew out of lecture notes prepared by the authors for summer course on Theories of Turbulence at the International Centre for Mechanical Sciences in 2001. It covers some recent developments in the statistical approach to fully developed turbulence, emphasis is placed on turbulent scaling laws of two- and multi-point structure functions. The authors start with basics of Kolmogorov statistical theory of turbulence. The next section is devoted to intermittency phenomenon for fully developed turbulence which deserves much attention in order to reach a clear understanding of statistical features of turbulent flows. A special attention is paid to a class of models, known as shell models, which have been proposed by Russian school and are built upon a crude mimicking of Navier-Stokes equations. More facts on the GOY models (the most popular shell model) are presented. In the last sections some aspects of the multifractal theory of fully developed turbulence are given. The authors discuss how intermittency and scale invariance can simultaneously hold in turbulent flows. More advanced topics (multifractal fields and Navier-Stokes equations, extended self-similarity, shear flows and boundary layer turbulence) are also presented. These sections are focused on how the multifractal theory of turbulence can be fixed by using the deterministic equations of motion. The authors intend to fill a gap between theoretical statements and available experimental information, and to revise the concept of scaling in fully developed turbulence where the notion of the so-called extended self-similarity is introduced into consideration. Finally, two sets of numerical simulations, namely of boundary layer turbulence and of homogeneous shear flows, are exposed in order to understand the increase of intermittency and the effects of anisotropic contributions in various scales. Each section contains references which make this text attractive to both postgraduate students and researchers. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1031.76002].
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