Interpolation of spaces defined by the level function

Interpolation between normed linear spaces (46B70) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30) Abstract interpolation of topological vector spaces (46M35)

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[For the entire collection see Zbl 0759.00011.] Let \(\lambda\) be a regular Borel measure on \(\mathbb{R}\) satisfying \(\lambda(- \infty,x)<\infty\) for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}\). For \(1\leq p\leq\infty\) the norm of a function \(f\), \(\| f\|_{p\downarrow\lambda}= \sup\bigl\{\int_{-\infty}^ \infty | f| g d\lambda\): \(g\geq 0\), \(\| g\|_{p',\lambda}\leq 1\), \(g\) non-increasing\(\bigr\}\), is defined and the dual \(L_ \lambda^{p\downarrow *}\) of the Banach space \(L_ \lambda^{p\downarrow}\) is characterized \((1\leq p<\infty)\). In case of \(\lambda\) absolutely continuous and \(f\geq 0\) it is known [cf. \textit{I. Halperin}, Can. J. Math. 5, 273-288 (1953; Zbl 0052.113)] that \(\| f\|_{p\downarrow\lambda}= \| f^ 0\|_{p,\lambda}\), where \(f^ 0\) is the level function of \(f\). Then the author gives a formula for the \(K\)-functional, \(K(t,f,L_ \lambda^{1*},L_ \lambda^{\infty *})\), and he makes use of this result to show that \[ \Bigl( L_ \lambda^{p_ 0*}, L_ \lambda^{p_ 1*} \Bigr)_{\theta,p}= L_ \lambda^{p*} \qquad (1\leq p_ 0<p_ 1\leq\infty), \] \[ \Bigl( L_ \lambda^{p_ 0\downarrow}, L_ \lambda^{p_ 1\downarrow} \Bigr)_{\theta,p}= L_ \lambda^{p\downarrow} \qquad (1\leq p_ 0<p_ 1<\infty), \] where \(0<\theta<1\) and \(1/p=(1-\theta)/p_ 0+ \theta/p_ 1\).

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