Introduction to model spaces and their operators
Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to functions of a complex variable (30-02) Hardy spaces (30H10) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to functional analysis (46-02) Hilbert spaces of continuous, differentiable or analytic functions (46E20) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to operator theory (47-02) Canonical models for contractions and nonselfadjoint linear operators (47A45) Toeplitz operators, Hankel operators, Wiener-Hopf operators (47B35)
The theory of model spaces evolved from the seminal 1949 paper of A.~Beurling, wherein the non-trivial invariant subspaces of the unilateral shift \(Sf=zf\) on \(H^2\) were completely characterized as \(uH^2\), \(u\) being an inner function on the open unit disk. The elements of \(uH^2\) are simple to understand (all \(H^2\) multiples of the inner function \(u\)). By taking orthogonal complements, we come to the invariant subspaces of the backward shift operator \(S^*f=(f-f(0))/z\) on \(H^2\). Such subspaces \(K_u=(uH^2)^{\bot}\) are known as the \textit{model spaces}. In contrast to the subspaces \(uH^2\), the model spaces are much more intricate and troublesome. For instance, it is unclear which functions actually belong to \(K_u\) or what properties these functions have.NEWLINENEWLINEA major breakthrough in the study of model spaces occurred in 1970, with the publication of the paper of Douglas-Shapiro-Shields. Based on a new type of continuation, called a pseudocontinuation, discovered and formalized in earlier papers of Shapiro, they showed that such continuation turned out to be the determining characterization of functions in \(K_u\). From this starting point, the function theoretic aspects of model spaces have truly grown. For instance, the subtle relationship between the boundary behavior of functions in \(K_u\) and the angular derivative of \(u\) became clear through the papers of Ahern and Clark.NEWLINENEWLINEOn the operator theory level, work of Sz.-Nagy and Foias provided the models for certain types of contractions as the compression of the unilateral shift to a model space, which gave reason to broaden the study of model spaces from the scalar case to the vector one. The climax of their research, now regarded as one of the gems of operator theory, became known as the commutant lifting theorem. In 1972 Clark examined unitary rank-one perturbations of the compressed shift and came up with an exact spectral realization of such unitary operator using a family of measures known now as the Aleksandrov-Clark measures. They arise in various areas of analysis and mathematical physics, and enjoy some truly fascinating properties.NEWLINENEWLINESome other areas of mathematics such as approximation theory (classical inequalities for rational functions), harmonic analysis (minimal sequences, Riesz bases), engineering (the Darlington synthesis problem, control theory), and mathematical physics (completeness problems for differential operators) should be mentioned with regard to the model spaces.NEWLINENEWLINEIn preparing a series of lectures within the last decade, the authors came to realize the need for a friendly introduction to model spaces and their operators. This largely self-contained book sets out the basic ideas and quickly takes a newcomer to the frontiers of this area of mathematical analysis. Open questions point to potential areas of future research, offering plenty of inspiration to graduate students wishing to advance further.
- A commutator approach to truncated singular integral operators
- Asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators of rank one
- Function spaces obeying a time-varying bandlimit
- Birkhoff-James orthogonality and the zeros of an analytic function
- Complex hyperbolic geometry and Hilbert spaces with complete Pick kernels
- \(L^2\)-Müntz spaces as model spaces
- Non-commutative Clark measures for the free and abelian Toeplitz algebras
- On a local Darlington synthesis problem
- Extreme points in the isometric embedding problem for model spaces
- Characterizations of dual truncated Toeplitz operators
- The range and valence of a real Smirnov function
- The reducibility of \(C_0(2)\) operators
- Matrix representations of asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators
- Solvability criterion for convolution equations on a half-strip
- Mean convergence of entire interpolations in weighted space
- A class of multiplicity free truncated Toeplitz operators
- Symbols of compact truncated Toeplitz operators
- Reducing subspaces of \(C_{00}\) contractions
- \(N_{\psi}\)-type quotient modules in \(H^2(\mathbb{D}^n)\)
- Two complementary block Macaulay matrix algorithms to solve multiparameter eigenvalue problems
- Conjugations preserving Toeplitz kernels
- Partial Taylor sums on local Dirichlet spaces
- Complex-self-adjointness
- Compressions of kth-order slant Toeplitz operators to model spaces
- A common range problem for model spaces
- Prediction theory for stationary functional time series
- Intertwining property for compressions of multiplication operators
- Compact commutators of truncated Toeplitz operators on the model space
- Shift invariance and reflexivity of compressions of multiplication operators
- Dual-band general Toeplitz operators
- Nearly invariant subspaces for shift semigroups
- Conjugations in L^2 and their invariants
- Invertibility, Fredholmness and kernels of dual truncated Toeplitz operators
- The reducibility of truncated Toeplitz operators
- Numerical ranges of model operators and Clark measures
- Representing kernels of perturbations of Toeplitz operators by backward shift-invariant subspaces
- Laplace-Carleson embeddings on model spaces and boundedness of truncated Hankel and Toeplitz operators
- Compressions of multiplication operators and their characterizations
- Ranks of commutators for a class of truncated Toeplitz operators
- Nearly invariant subspaces for operators in Hilbert spaces
- Continuous embedding between P-de Branges spaces
- Blaschke-singular-outer factorization of free non-commutative functions
- Interpolating with outer functions
- Products of asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators
- On rank-one asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators on finite-dimensional model spaces
- Symmetric matrix representations of truncated Toeplitz operators on finite dimensional spaces
- Model theory of a Hilbert space expanded with an unbounded closed selfadjoint operator
- Asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators equal to the zero operator
- Inner vectors for Toeplitz operators
- Ranks of commutators of truncated Toeplitz operators on finite dimensional spaces
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1489455 (Why is no real title available?)
- Binormal Toeplitz operators on the Hardy space
- Zero, finite rank, and compact big truncated Hankel operators on model spaces
- Truncated Hankel operators and their matrices
- Complex symmetric completions of partial operator matrices
- Unitary equivalence of complex symmetric contractions with finite defect
- Dilation theory. A century of distancing from the frontiers
- Product of matrix valued truncated Toeplitz operators
- Exponentials of de Branges-Rovnyak kernels
- Weakly separated Bessel systems of model spaces
- C-normal operators
- Derivatives of Blaschke products and model space functions
- Noncommutative function-theoretic operator theory and applications
- Toeplitz kernels and finite rank truncated Toeplitz operators
- Asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators on finite-dimensional spaces
- Composition operators on the Hardy-Hilbert space \(H^2\) and model spaces \(K_\Theta\)
- Range Spaces of Co-analytic Toeplitz Operators
- The dual of the compressed shift
- Asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators and conjugations
- Model spaces invariant under composition operators
- The square roots of some classical operators
- (Asymmetric) Dual Truncated Toeplitz Operators
- Cyclic multiplicity of a direct sum of forward and backward shifts
- Multipliers of sequence spaces
- The Xi-Zhao model of \(T_1\)-spaces
- Cyclic inner functions in growth classes and applications to approximation problems
- Nonlinear expansions in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces
- On some algebras of truncated Hankel and asymmetric truncated Hankel operators
- Higher-order de Branges-Rovnyak and sub-Bergman spaces
- Quasiaffine transforms of Hilbert space operators
- Sharp estimates of the solutions to Bézout's polynomial equation and a corona theorem
- Reducing and invariant subspaces under two commuting shift operators
- Commutants and complex symmetry of finite Blaschke product multiplication operator in
- Shifted model spaces and their orthogonal decompositions
- Conjugations on \(L^2\) space on the real line
- Rigidity of the numerical range of truncated shifts with isolated singularity on the unit circle
- Minimal realizations of atomic density functions
- Helson operators and coinvariant subspaces
- Asymptotic Müntz–Szász theorems
- Li coefficients as norms of functions in a model space
- Clark measures for rational inner functions
- An indefinite analog of Sarason's generalized interpolation theorem
- Conjugations of unitary operators. II
- Conjugations of unitary operators. I
- Three open problems in function theoretic operator theory
- Multipliers and equivalence of functions, spaces, and operators
- Cyclic nearly invariant subspaces for semigroups of isometries
- Crouzeix's conjecture for classes of matrices
- Essentially commuting dual truncated Toeplitz operators
- Truncated Hankel operators on model spaces
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