Isolated zeros of lipschitzian metrically regular -Functions

Implicit function theorems, Jacobians, transformations with several variables (26B10) Set-valued functions (26E25) Nonsmooth analysis (49J52) Set-valued and variational analysis (49J53)

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Let \(f: \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^n\) be a locally Lipschitz function. The goal of the paper is to find conditions ensuring that the preimage sets \(f^{-1}(y)\) (i.e., the solution sets of the equations \(f(x)= y\), \(y\) fixed) are locally finite. The most important notion of the paper is the pseudo-regularity of \(f\). It is defined as the pseudo-Lipschitz property of the inverse mapping and can be described equivalently by a surjectivity condition for the contingent derivative of \(f\). The first part of the paper contains some important properties of pseudo-regular functions. So the author gives some results regarding the Lipschitz behavior of the contingent derivative of \(f\) and regarding the differentiability properties of the directional derivative \(f'(x;\cdot)\). The second part of the paper is devoted to the topological structure of the preimage sets of such functions. Using Rademachers theorem it is pointed out that these sets are locally finite almost everywhere, i.e., that for all \(x\in \mathbb{R}^n\) there exist neighborhoods \(U\) of \(x\) and \(V\) of \(f(x)\) such that for almost all \(y\in V\) the sets \(f^{-1}(y)\cap U\) are finite. In the main theorem, \(f\) is assumed additionally to be directionally differentiable. It is shown that in this case for every point \(x^0\in \mathbb{R}^n\) there exist neighborhoods \(U\) of \(x^0\) and \(V\) of \(f(x)\) such that \hskip 17mm 1. \(\forall x\in U\), \(\forall u\neq 0: f'(x; u)\neq 0\), \hskip 17mm 2. \(x\in U\) is an isolated preimage of \(f(x)\), \hskip 17mm 3. \(f^{-1}(y)\cap U\) is finite for all \(y\in V\), \hskip 17mm 4. \(\inf_{x\in U} \min_{\|u\|= 1}\|f'(x; u)\|> 0\). The results are demonstrated by means of selected examples.

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