Minimal \(\gamma \)-sheaves (Q1005868)

Let \(X\) be a regular scheme over a field of positive characteristic \(p>0\), \(p\) prime. Let \(\sigma : X \to X\) be the Frobenius morphism. The author develops a theory of \(\gamma\)-sheaves which is used to extend previous work of \textit{G. Lyubeznik} on roots of \(F\)-finite modules (in this paper, they are referred as finitely generated unit \(\mathcal{O}_X[\sigma]\)-modules) [J. Reine Angew. Math. 491, 65--130 (1997; Zbl 0904.13003)]. A \(\gamma\)-sheaf is a pair \((M, \gamma)\) where \(M\) is an \(\mathcal{O}_X\)-module and \(\gamma: M\to \sigma^*M\) is \(\mathcal{O}_X\)-linear. If \(M\) is coherent, then the \(\gamma\)-sheaf is called coherent. A coherent \(\gamma\)-sheaf is called minimal if \(M\) has no nontrivial subsheaves and quotients. One of the main results of the paper asserts the functorial existence of a minimal \(\gamma\)-sheaf corresponding to a coherent \(\gamma\)-sheaf over a regular \(F\)-finite scheme. This can be used to show that minimal roots for \(F\)-finite \(F\)-modules exist over regular \(F\)-finite schemes, extending a previous result of Lyubeznik. Also, the author shows that there is an equivalence between the minimal \(\gamma\)-sheaves over \(X\), where \(X\) is regular and \(F\)-finite, and the category of \(F\)-finite modules defined by Lyubeznik. The theory developed has its origin in Lyubeznik's work on \(F\)-modules, but its novelty and strength is due to its global set-up. Applications to parameter test modules and generalized test ideals are included in the last section. In particular the main results of \textit{J. Alvarez-Montaner, M. Blickle} and \textit{G. Lyubenzik} [Math. Res. Lett. 12, No. 4, 459--473 (2005; Zbl 1115.13032)] and \textit{M. Blickle, M. Mustaţă} and \textit{K. E. Smith} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 361, No. 12, 6549--6565 (2009; Zbl 1193.13003)] are obtained as corollaries to this approach.