Integrals and phase portraits of planar quadratic differential systems with invariant lines of at least five total multiplicity (Q1011122)

The authors consider the collection of all systems of differential equations of the form \[ \dot x = p(x,y),\quad \dot y = q(x,y), \] subject to the following conditions: (1) \(p\) and \(q\) are polynomials with real coefficients such that \(\max\{\deg p, \deg q\} = 2\), (2) the phase portrait of the system contains invariant lines with total multiplicity at least five, and (3) there are at most finitely many singularities at infinity. Among other things they prove that all such systems are integrable by Darboux's method, construct all topologically distinct phase portraits, and give necessary and sufficient conditions for the realization of each specific phase portrait.