Convergence of singular integrals with general measures (Q1012479)

Let \((X,d)\) be a separable metric space, \(K:X\times X\backslash \{(x,y):x=y\}\to \mathbb{R}\) be a Borel measurable antisymmetric kernel such that \(K\) is bounded in \(\{(x,y)\in X\times X: d(x,y)>\delta\}\) for every \(\delta>0\), and let \(\mu\) be a finite Borel measure on \(X\) such that Vitali's covering theorem is valid for \(\mu\) and the family of closed balls. The singular integral operator \(T\) associated with \(\mu\) and \(K\) is formally given by \( T(f)(x)=\int K(x,y)f(y)d\mu(y). \) Usually this integral does not exist when \(x\in \mathrm{supp} \mu\). When \(\mu\) is the Lebesgue measure on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and \(K\) is a standard Calderón-Zygmund kernel, this can be overcome by defining \(T(f)(x)= \lim_{\varepsilon\to 0} T_\varepsilon f(x)\), where \( T_{\varepsilon} (f)(x)=\int_{X\backslash B(x,\varepsilon)} K(x,y)f(y)d\mu(y)\), and \(B(x,\varepsilon)\) is the open ball with centre \(x\) and radius \(\varepsilon\). The authors prove that the operators \(T_{\varepsilon}\) converge weakly in \(L^2(\mu)\) provided that the operator \(T^*(f)(x)= \sup_{\varepsilon > 0} |T_{\varepsilon} f(x)|\) is bounded in \(L^2(\mu)\). This implies a kind of average convergence almost everywhere. For measures with zero density the almost everywhere existence of principal values is established.