Shadowing and inverse shadowing in set-valued dynamical systems. Contractive case (Q1013003)

The orbit-shadowing property, in which approximate trajectories can be approximated by real trajectories of a dynamical system, is extended here to the setting of set-valued dynamical systems. A set-valued dynamical system on a metric space \((M,\rho)\) is defined by a map \(F\) from \(M\) to the non-empty subsets of \(M\) in the following way: a sequence \((x_n)\) in \(M\) is called a trajectory of \(F\) if \(x_{n+1}\in F(x_n)\) for all \(n\in\mathbb Z\), and is called a \(\rho\)-pseudotrajectory if \(F\) if \(\rho(x_{n+1},F(x_n))\leq\varepsilon\) for all \(n\in\mathbb Z\). The main result here concerns the case \(M=\mathbb R^m\) and a function \(F\) taking values in the set of compact convex subsets of \(\mathbb R^m\); under a mild stability condition the orbit-shadowing property is established. Applications to \(T\)-flows of differential equations are discussed.