Trace theorem on the Heisenberg group (Q1013018)

The Sobolev space \(H^s(\mathbb{H}^d)\) on the Heisenberg group is defined for an integer \(s\geq 0\) by \[ H^s(\mathbb{H}^d)= \{f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^{2d+1}_{x,y,t}),\;JZ^\alpha f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^{2d+1}_{x,y,t})\text{ for }|\alpha|\leq s\}, \] where \(Z_j= D_{x_j}+ y_j D_t\) for \(j= 1,\dots, d\), and \(Z_j= D_{y_j}- x_j D_t\) for \(j= d+1,\dots, 2d\). The definition extends by interpolation to any real \(s\geq 0\). The authors study the trace map \(f\in H^1(\mathbb{H}^d)\to f|_\Sigma\), where \(\Sigma\) is a given hypersurface in \(\mathbb{H}^d\). The properties of the trace map depend on the geometry of \(\Sigma\) with respect to the vector fields \(Z_j\), \(j= 1,\dots, 2d\). The case of a non-characteristic hypersurface \(\Sigma\) was considered already by the same authors in [J.~Inst.\ Math.\ Jussieu 4, No.\,4, 509--552 (2005; Zbl 1089.35016)]. Here, characteristic hypersurfaces are considered. A space \(H^{1/2}(\Sigma)\) is defined, in a suitable way, so that the trace is a continuous map onto \(H^{1/2}(\Sigma)\).