Cyclic coverings, Calabi-Yau manifolds and complex multiplication (Q1014925)

The lecture notes under review is concerned about the construction of families of Calabi--Yau \(3\)-manifolds with complex multiplication (CMCY for short). Such families of CMCY \(3\)-manifolds are constructed using curves with dense sets of fibers with complex multiplication. The theory of complex multiplication for abelian varieties is applied to construct curves with complex multiplication. The first six chapters are devoted to this task. Since curves can be determined by their Hodge structures. In this note, Hodge structures and variations of Hodge structures are studied in detail. The main tool for the study of Hodge structures is the generic Mumford-Tate groups. The Hodge groups are discussed and in particular, the Hodge structure is computed for a universal family of hyperelliptic curves. The necessary theoretical background materials, such as Shimura varietes, Hodge theory, are also collected in these early chapters. The last five chapters describe the construction of Calabi--Yau \(3\)-folds with complex multiplication (CYCM). A family of Calabi--Yau \(n\)-manifold is called a CYCM \(n\)-manifold if it has a dense set of fibers \(X\) satisfying the property that for any \(k\), the Hodge group of the Hodge structure on \(H^k(X,\mathbb C)\) is commutative. A number of new examples of CYCM \(3\)-folds are constructed. The first of such examples were given by \textit{C. Borcea} [in: Essays on mirror manifolds. Cambridge, MA: International Press. 489--502 (1992; Zbl 0908.14016)], and another one by \textit{E. Viehweg} and \textit{K. Zuo} [J. Algebr. Geom. 14, No. 3, 481--528 (2005; Zbl 1086.14029)]. The idea of the author is to repeat inductively the constructions of Borcea together with the work of \textit{C. Voisin} [in: Journées de géométrie algébrique d'Orsay, Astérisque 218, 273--323 (1993; Zbl 0818.14014)], as well as the construction due to Viehweg--Zuo, to obtain families of (infinite towers of) CMCY \(n\)-manifolds. The main results of this note are the constructions of CMCY families of \(3\)-manifolds. Let \(\mathcal{P}_n\) denote the configuration space of \(n+3\) points in \(\mathbb P^1\). The action of \(\text{PGL}_2(\mathbb C)\) on \(\mathbb P^1\) yields a quotient \(\mathcal{M}_n:=\mathcal{P}_n/\text{PGL}_2(\mathbb C)\). Theorem 1. Let \(\mathcal{W}\) be a CMCY family of \(2\)-manifolds given in the weighted projective \(2\)-space \(\mathbb P^2(2,2,1,1)\) by \[ V(y_2^3+y_1^3-x_1(x_1-x_0)(x_1-\alpha\,x_0)(x_1-bx_0)(x_1-cx_0)x_0) \to (a,b,c)\in\mathcal{M}_3. \] The family \(\mathcal{W}\) has a degree \(3\) quotient, which yields a a CMCY family of \(2\)-manifolds. Now let \(\mathbb F_3\) be the Fermat curve of degree \(3\) and \(\alpha\) be a generator for the Galois group of the degree \(3\) cover \(\mathbb F_3\to\mathbb P^1\). The above family \(\mathcal{W}\) has two \(\mathcal{M}_3\)-automorphisms \(\beta,\,\beta'\) of order \(3\) such that the quotients \[ \mathcal{W}\times\mathbb F_3/<(\beta, \alpha)>\, \mathcal{W}\times\mathbb F_3/<(\beta',\alpha)> \] have desingularizations, which are CMCY families of \(3\)-manifolds. Moreover, one of the families is maximal. Theorem 2. For each integer \(r\), \(1\leq r\leq 11\), there exists a maximal holomorphic CMCY family of algebraic \(3\)-manifolds with Hodge number \(h^{2,1}=r\). The maximality is defined as follows. A Calabi--Yau family \(\mathcal{F}\to Y\) is maximal in \(0\in Y\), if the universal property of the local universal deformation \(\mathcal{X}\to B\) of \(\mathcal{F}_0\) yields a surjection of the neighborhood of \(0\) onto \(B\). The family is maximal if it is maximal in all \(0\in Y\).