Formulas giving prime numbers under Cramér's conjecture (Q1016784)

In 1947 \textit{W. H. Mills} [Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 53, 604 (1947; Zbl 0033.16303)] proved the existence of an absolute constant \(A>1\) for which \([A^{3^n}]\) is prime for any positive integer \(n\). In a similar way, four years later, \textit{E. M. Wright} [Am. Math. Mon. 58, 616--618 (1951; Zbl 0044.03703)] demonstrated the existence of an absolute constant \(\alpha>0\) for which the infinite sequence \([\alpha],[2^\alpha],[2^{2^\alpha}],\dots,\) is composed entirely of primes. The proofs of both of these results rely on estimates for the gaps between primes. Mills' result uses Ingham's bound: for a given \(\varepsilon>0\) there is an \(x_0\) depending on \(\varepsilon\) such that for all \(x\geq x_0\) there is always a prime in the interval \([x,x^{5/8+\varepsilon}]\). Wright's result depends on Bertrand's postulate: for all positive integers \(n\) there is prime in the interval \([n,2n]\). Elaborating the ideas of Mills and Wright, the author points out that using a bound on the gaps between primes allows the construction of a function \(h\) (depending on the prime gap bound) such that between any two consecutive terms of the sequence \((h(n))_n\), there is at least one prime number, and consequently, setting \(f_n:=h\circ \cdots \circ h\) (where \(h\) is applied \(n\) times) allows one to deduce the existence of a real constant \(A>1\) for which the sequence \(([f_n(A)])_n\) consists entirely of prime numbers. In Mills' and Wright's examples the functions are \(h(x)=x^3\) and \(h(x)=2^x\), respectively. The main results of this paper, concern the generalization of this method by taking a sequence of (possibly different) functions \((h_m)_m\) and considering the composition \(f_n:=h_0\circ \cdots\circ h_{n-1}\). More specifically, setting \(h_n:=f_{n+1}\circ f_n^{-1}\) the author shows that if it is true that for any \(n\) and any \(x\) sufficiently large (relative to \(n\)) that the interval \([h_n(x),h_n(x+1)-1)\) contains a prime, then there exists a real number \(A\) for which the sequence \(([f_n(A)])_n\) consists entirely of prime numbers. The author gives a few examples of such sequences depending on a conjecture concerning gaps between consecutive primes. Some open questions are also given.