The lattice discrepancy of bodies bounded by a rotating Lamé's curve (Q1018004)

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The lattice discrepancy of bodies bounded by a rotating Lamé's curve
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    The lattice discrepancy of bodies bounded by a rotating Lamé's curve (English)
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    13 May 2009
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    Consider (henceforth \(k>2\) is a fixed real) the number of lattice points in the region \[ {\mathcal R}_k : = (x^2+y^2)^{k/2} + |z|^k \leq 1, \] corresponding to the body generated by rotation of Lamé's curve \(|u|^k+|v|^k = 1\) around one coordinate axis. The authors prove a theorem which gives an asymptotic formula for \(A_{{\mathcal R}_k }(t)\), the linearly dilated body \(t{\mathcal R}_k\). Namely, it is shown that \[ A_{{\mathcal R}_k }(t) = {\roman {vol}}({\mathcal R}_k)t^3 + c_k{\mathcal F}_k(t)t^{2-2/k} + \Delta_{{\mathcal R}_k}(t), \] where \[ {\roman {vol}}({\mathcal R}_k) = \frac{4\pi\Gamma(2/k)\Gamma(1/k)}{3k\Gamma(3/k)},\quad c_k = 4\Gamma(2/k)k^{2/k-1}(2\pi)^{-2/k}, \] and the absolutely convergent series \({\mathcal F}_k(t)\) is given by \[ {\mathcal F}_k(t) = \sum_{j=1}^\infty j^{-1-2/k}\sin\left(2\pi jt - \frac{\pi}{k}\right). \] The most delicate task in lattice point problems is to estimate the error term in the formula for the counting function of the number of lattice points in a certain region, which is in this case the function \(\Delta_{{\mathcal R}_k}(t)\). The authors obtain \[ \Delta_{{\mathcal R}_k}(t) \ll_\varepsilon t^{11/8+\varepsilon} + t^{1+2B(k-2)/k} (\log t)^{(B'(k-2)+2)/k}.\leqno(1) \] The constants \(B, B'\) appearing in (1) are those which appear in the estimation \[ P(X) : = \sum_{0\leq\ell\leq X}r(\ell) -\pi X \ll X^B(\log X)^{B'},\quad r(\ell) = \sum_{m^2+n^2=\ell}1. \] The function \(P(X)\) is the error term in the classical circle problem; it is known that \(1/4 \leq B \leq 131/416 = 0.31490\dots\). The delicate proof uses, among other things, two lemmas: one is an explicit formula for \(P(X)\), and the other is a transformation formula for exponential sums.
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    lattice points
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    lattice discrepancy
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    bodies of rotation
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    Lamé's curve
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