Twisted Yangians and finite \(W\)-algebras (Q1024626)

We consider the finite \(W\)-algebra \(\mathfrak g={\mathfrak {g}}^{\varepsilon} _{nl}\). \(\mathfrak g\) is spanned by the matrices (\(f_{ab}\mid a \in I_n, b\in I_l\)) where \(f_{ab}=e_{a,b}-\varepsilon^{\hat a+\hat b}e_{-b,-a}\). Here \(\epsilon\) is identified with \(\pm 1\) under some conditions, and \(\hat i\) is equal 0 if \(i \geq 0\) and 1 if \(i<0\). Let \(e\in\mathfrak g\) denote the special nilpotent matrix of Jordan type \((l^n)\). Define an even grading \(\mathfrak g=\oplus_{r\in \mathbb Z}\mathfrak g(r)\) with \(e\in \mathfrak g(2)\) by declaring that deg \((f_{a,b})= col (b)-col (a)\), and let \(\mathfrak p=\oplus_{r\geq 0}\mathfrak g(r)\) and \(\mathfrak m=\oplus_{r < 0}\mathfrak g(r)\). Define \(\xi: \mathfrak m \to \mathbb C\) by \(x \to \frac{1}{2}\text{tr}(ex)\). An easy calculation shows that \(f_{a, b}\) may be 1 or 0. Let \(I\) be the left ideal of the universal enveloping algebra \(U(\mathfrak g)\) generated by the elements (\(x-\chi(x)\mid x\in \mathfrak m\)). By the PBW theorem \(U(\mathfrak g)=U(\mathfrak p) \oplus I\). Define the projection \(\text{pr}: U(\mathfrak g)\to U(\mathfrak p)\) along the direct sum decomposition. Finally, the finite \(W\)-algebra associated to \(e\) is the subalgebra \(W^\varepsilon _{n,l}=\{u\in U(\mathfrak p)\mid \text{pr}([x,u])=0\;\text{for all}\quad x\in {\mathfrak m}\}\). To make the connection between \(W^e _{n,l}\) and twisted Yangian the author uses a shifted version of the Miura transform \(\mu=\eta \psi\). Let \(\mathfrak h=\mathfrak g(0)\) be the Levi factor of \(\mathfrak p\) coming from the grading. Define the automorphism \(\eta\) of \(U(\mathfrak h)\) on generators by \(\eta(f_{a,b})=f_{a,b}-\delta_{a,b}\rho_{col (a)}\), where \(\rho_{col (a)}\) is given by formulas (1.5) of the paper. The algebra automorphism \(\psi:U(\mathfrak p) \to U(\mathfrak h)\) is induced from natural projection \(\mathfrak p \to \mathfrak h\). Now, the twisted Yangian \(Y_n^\psi\) (for \(\psi=\pm \varepsilon\) for \(l\) odd or even) is a subalgebra of the Yangian \(Y_n\) which is a Hopf algebra over \(\mathbb C\) with countably many generators \(\{T_{i,j}^r\mid i,j \in I_n, r \in \mathbb Z_{P>0}\}\). In the paper the homomorphism \(\kappa_l: Y_n^{\psi}\to U(\mathfrak h)\) is defined. The map \(\kappa_l\) is given by the formulas (1.12) of the paper. The twisted Yangian of level \(l\) is defined as the image of this map. The following theorem is proved: Theorem 1.1. \(\mu (W^e _{n,l})=\kappa_l(Y_n^\psi)\). Further the structure of the kernel of \(\kappa_l\) is investigated. Since \(W^\varepsilon _{n,l} \cong \mu(W^\varepsilon _{n,l})\) by inductivity of the Miura transformation a full set of relations between the generators \(S^{(r)}_{i,j}\) of \(Y_n^\psi\) are known. Here \(S^{(r)}_{i,j}\) are defined as \[ \begin{gathered} {S^{(r)}_{i,j}|i,j \in I_n, r>l}\text{ if }\quad l \quad\text{ is}\quad\text{ even}; \\ S^{(r)}_{i,j}+\frac{\psi}{2}+S^{(r-1)}_{i,j}|i,j \in I_n, r>l\quad\text{ if} \quad l\quad\text{ is} \quad\text{ odd}. \end{gathered} \] This means that a full set of generators and relations for the finite \(W\)-algebra \(W^\varepsilon _{n,l}\) is known. The author obtains remarkable explicit formula for the generators of \(W^\varepsilon _{n,l}\) corresponding to the elements \(S^{(r)}_{i,j}\) of \(Y_n^\psi\). This is the content of Theorem 1.2.