Orders of vanishing of zeros of characteristic \(p\) zeta function (Q1024939)

Let \(K\) be a function field of one variable with constant field \(\mathbb F_q\) of characteristic \(p\). Let \(A\) be the ring of elements of \(K\) that have no poles outside \(\infty\). The authors study orders of vanishing of trivial zeros of the characteristic \(p\) absolute zeta function \[ \zeta(s,X):= \zeta_A(s, X)= \sum^\infty_{d=0} X^d\sum{1\over a^d}\in K[[X]], \] where \(a\in A\) runs over monic elements of degree \(d\). Here, the order of vanishing of \(\zeta\), at the zero \(s\), is defined as the order of vanishing of \(\zeta(s, X)\) at \(X= 1\). If \(q= 2\) and \(K\) is hyperelliptic, then the order of vanishing of \(\zeta(-s)\) (for \(s\) a positive integer) is 2 if \(l_2(s)\leq g\), where \(g\) is the genus of \(K\) and \(l_2(s)\) is the sum of digits in the expansion base 2 of \(s\) [\textit{D. S. Thakur}, Function field arithmetic, River Edge, NJ: World Scientific (2004; Zbl 1061.11001)]. Further generalizations are given in the paper by \textit{J. Diaz-Vargas} in [J. Number Theory 117, No. 2, 241--262 (2006; Zbl 1095.11054)]. The authors generalize these results (and other known particular cases) to arbitrary finite fields (Theorems 7, 8, and 9).