Localized large reaction for a nonlinear reaction-diffusion system (Q1027101)

The authors consider the asymptotic limit of the solution of a nonlinear reaction-diffusion system \((P)\) when the reaction \(\mathcal R\) is very large in a localized region. Let \(\Omega \subset\mathbb R^n\) be a bounded domain with smooth boundary \(\Gamma\), \(Q=\Omega \times(0,T)\), \(\Sigma=\Gamma\times(0,T)\). Consider the reaction-diffusion system of the form \[ \begin{gathered} u_{1t}-d_1\Delta w_1+\mathcal Rg(w_1-w_2)=f_1,\quad w_1=\varphi_1(u_1)\,\text{ in } Q,\\ u_{2t}-d_2\Delta w_2+\mathcal Rg(w_1-w_2)=f_2,\quad w_2=\varphi_2(u_2)\,\text{ in } Q,\\ \partial_{n}w_1+z_1=0,\,z_1\in\gamma_1(w_1);\quad\partial_{n} w_2+z_2=0, \,z_2\in\gamma_2(w_2)\,\text{ in } \Sigma, \end{gathered}\tag{\(P\)} \] and \(u_1(x,0)=u_{01}(x),\, u_2(x,0)=u_{02}(x)\) in \(\Omega\), where \(d_i\) is a positive constant, \(\varphi_i\) is a strictly increasing continuous function with \(\varphi_i(0)=0\) and \(\gamma_i\) is a maximal monotone graph in \(\mathbb R\times\mathbb R\) such that \(0\in \gamma_i(0)\) and \(\mathcal D(\gamma_i)=\mathbb R\) or \(\mathcal D(\gamma_i) =\{0\}, i=1,2\). The main interest in the paper is the study of the case where the reaction is very large in a localized region \(\Omega_0\subset\Omega\). Solution of the system \((P)\) for \(\mathcal R= \mathcal R_k(x)=a(k)\chi_{\Omega_0(x)}+\mathcal R_1(x) \chi_{\Omega_1 (x)}\), where \(\Omega_1=\Omega\setminus\bar\Omega_0\) and \(a(k)\) is a strictly positive function such that \(a(k)\to\infty\) as \(k\to\infty\) denote by \(U^k=(u^k_1,u^k_2)\). Denote this problem by \((P^k)\). The main result is: ``Let \(U_0=(u_{01},u_{02})\in L^\infty(\Omega)\times L^\infty (\Omega)\), \((f_1,f_2)\in L^\infty(Q)\times L^\infty (Q)\). Then the problem \((P^k)\) has a unique weak solution \(U^k\). As \(k\to\infty\) we have \(U^k\to U\) in \(C((0,T),L^1(\Omega)\times L^1(\Omega))\), where \(U=(u_1,u_2)\) is the unique solution of \((P)\) in some sense.'' To use nonlinear semigroup theory and the results of [\textit{N. Igbida} and \textit{F. Karami}, Adv. Math. Sci. Appl. 17, No. 2, 559--587 (2007; Zbl 1140.35342)] the elliptic problem associated with \((P^k)\) is studied.