On the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podleś sphere and index computations (Q1029488)

As quantum groups and their associated quantum spaces describe geometric objects by noncommutative algebras, it is only natural to study them from Connes' noncommutative geometry point of view [\textit{A. Connes}, Noncommutative geometry. San Diego, CA: Academic Press (1994; Zbl 0818.46076)]. The first attempts were made in the nineties of the past century and exhibited some unexpected features. For instance, \textit{T. Masuda, Y. Nakagami} and \textit{J. Watanabe} [\(K\)-Theory 5, No.~2, 151--175 (1991; Zbl 0763.46059)] noticed that the Hochschild dimension of the Podleś 2-spheres drops from the classical dimension 2 to 1. These observations lowered the expectations on \(q\)-deformed spaces to be convincing examples of Connes' noncommutative geometry. The situation improved after the turn of the century when the first spectral triples on \(q\)-deformed spaces were constructed. Now there is lively research activity in studying spectral triples on quantum groups and their associated quantum spaces. Despite theses positive results, some problems remain. To deal with such problems, it was repeatedly suggested to modify the original axioms of noncommutative spin geometry given in [\textit{A. Connes}, Commun. Math. Phys. 182, No. 1, 155--176 (1996; Zbl 0881.58009)]. The main motivation is to expand the picture of noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podleś sphere. Known results of the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podleś sphere are extended by discussing Poincaré duality and orientability. In the discussion of orientability, Hochschild homology is replaced by a twisted version which avoids the dimension drop. The twisted Hochschild cycle representing an orientation is related to the volume form of distinguished covariant differential calculus. Integration over the volume form defines a twisted cyclic 2-cocycle which computes the \(q\)-winding numbers of quantum line bundles. The author introduces a twisted Chern character from equivariant \(K_0\)-theory to even twisted cyclic homology which gives rise to a Chern-Connes pairing between equivariant \(K_0\)-group and twisted cyclic cohomology. The Chern-Connes pairing between the equivariant \(K_0\)-group of the standard Podleś sphere and the generators of twisted cyclic cohomology relative to the modular automorphism and its inverse are computed. This includes the pairings with the twisted cyclic 2-cocycle associated to the volume form, and the one corresponding to the non-dimension drop case. From explicit index computations, it follows that the pairings with these cocycles give the \(q\)-indices of the known equivariant 0-summable Dirac operator on the standard Podleś sphere. The construction is systematic and clear.